Modal Verbs and Probability Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What does the modal verb 'can' indicate in the sentence 'She can ski very well'?

  • Possibility
  • Permission
  • Obligation
  • Ability (correct)

    • In the sentence 'You must have a driving licence', what is the function of the modal verb 'must'?

  • Probability
  • Willingness
  • Advice
  • Obligation (correct)

    • What is the meaning of 'must' in the expression 'They must be in love!'?

  • Permission
  • Willingness
  • Certainty (correct)
  • Ability

    • What does the modal 'should' indicate in the sentence 'You should stop seeing him'?

    <p>Advice (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the sentence 'It might snow tonight', which meaning does the modal verb 'might' convey?

    <p>Possibility (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which modal verb would appropriately replace 'is able to' in the sentence 'Only gym users are able to park here'?

    <p>Can (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the expression 'You don't have to drive through a red light' imply?

    <p>Permission (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct rephrasing using a modal for 'He finally gave up smoking'?

    <p>He managed to give up smoking. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'mustn't' express?

    <p>A negative obligation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phrase is used to express strong advice?

    <p>You ought to (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What grammatical structure indicates future possibility?

    <p>may or might (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What conveys an informal obligation in British English?

    <p>Have got to (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which modal verb is typically used to express ability in the past?

    <p>could (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which expression can replace 'get in touch'?

    <p>Communicate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'You must try harder!' imply?

    <p>It makes a demand (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these indicates mild obligation?

    <p>Should (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do you express that something is not required?

    <p>You don't have to (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which verb form indicates a fulfilled ability in a specific past event?

    <p>Was able to (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the stronger expression of advice that implies a threat for non-compliance?

    <p>You had better (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'can' express when used in context of permission?

    <p>A request (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phrase indicates that something is allowed?

    <p>You may (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can you indicate a past ability that is no longer present?

    <p>Could (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which modal verb expresses a strong likelihood that something will happen?

    <p>will (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the modal verb 'must' indicate about a situation?

    <p>Logical interpretation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sentence correctly uses the verb 'should'?

    <p>You should pass the exam. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which modal verb is used to make polite requests?

    <p>can (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which of the following sentences is 'might' used correctly?

    <p>He might go to the concert tonight. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which modal verb expresses a negative refusal?

    <p>won't (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct negative form for 'can' in a request?

    <p>can't (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these expresses an obligation?

    <p>must (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of modals, which sentence implies permission?

    <p>You may leave the room. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about modal auxiliary verbs is true?

    <p>They can express degrees of certainty or probability. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these sentences uses 'could' to express ability?

    <p>They could play guitar when they were younger. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which modal verb indicates a future action with certainty?

    <p>will (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct negative form of the sentence 'He can understand Spanish'?

    <p>He can't understand Spanish. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about 'might' is correct?

    <p>It suggests a possibility or uncertainty. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Modal Verb 'can'

    Expresses ability or permission.

    Modal Verb 'must'

    Expresses obligation or strong probability.

    Modal Verb 'should'

    Expresses advice or recommendation.

    Modal Verb 'may/might'

    Expresses possibility or probability.

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    Modal Verb 'will/won't'

    Expresses willingness or unwillingness.

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    Modal Verb 'have to/has to'

    Expresses obligation.

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    Modal Verb 'ought to'

    Expresses a moral or logical obligation.

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    Modal Verb 'better'

    Expresses strong advice.

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    Modal auxiliary verbs

    Special verbs used with other verbs to express ideas like ability, permission, obligation, or possibility. Examples include can, could, may, might, will, would, must, should, ought to, and others.

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    Modal verbs: Probability

    Modal verbs that show how likely or certain something is to happen or be true.

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    Will/Won't

    Expresses certainty or prediction about future events, or a present assumption based on knowledge.

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    Must/Can't

    Expresses strong judgments or conclusions about present situations, less certain than will/won't.

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    Should

    Expresses what is expected to happen, or what is desirable.

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    May/Might

    Expresses possibility or uncertainty, suggesting an event might or could happen.

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    Willingness/Refusal

    Expresses willingness to do something (will) or refusal to do something (won't).

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    Request

    Form of polite request using modal auxiliary verbs (can, could, will, would).

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    Past tense of modals

    Modals take different forms in past tense (e.g., could, would instead of can, will).

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    Future tense of modals

    Modals used to project a future condition or act (e.g. the use of will)

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    Appointment

    Scheduled meeting or visit.

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    Cancel appointment

    To end a scheduled meeting.

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    Phrasal verb "Get"

    The verb "get" combined with other words/particles (e.g., get away, get on with).

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    Phrasal verbs particle types

    Phrasal verbs include particles (e.g., at, away, in, out of).

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    Phrasal Verb Examples

    Phrasal verbs combine a verb with a preposition or adverb to create a new meaning.

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    Modal Verb: Could

    Could expresses possibility, similar to might. Used to express a possibility or a suggestion.

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    Modal Verb: Couldn't (Negative)

    Couldn't expresses absence of future possibility.

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    Ability: Can/Could

    Can expresses ability, while could expresses past ability.

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    Ability: Be Able To

    Alternative way to express ability, particularly in more complex sentences.

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    Ability: Was/Managed To

    Used to express fulfilled ability in a specific past instance.

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    Giving Advice: Should/Ought To

    Mild obligation or advice, should is more common.

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    Strong Advice: Had Better

    Stronger advice or instruction with a sense of urgency.

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    Obligation: Must/Have To

    Must is stronger than have to; used for strong obligation.

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    Obligation: Have Got To

    Informal equivalent of have to, common in spoken English.

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    Obligation: Don't Have To

    Absence of obligation.

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    Obligation: Mustn't

    Expresses prohibition.

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    Permission: May/Can/Could

    Used to ask for permission.

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    Permission: Can/Be Allowed To

    Used to express permission (more general and less formal than 'may').

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    Study Notes

    • Definition: Modal auxiliary verbs (can, could, may, might, shall, should, will, would, must, ought to) are used frequently to express various meanings, including ability, permission, obligation, suggestion, necessity, a promise, and intention. They can also express degrees of certainty, probability, or possibility.

    • Characteristics:

    • No "s" in the third person singular (e.g., He can swim).

    • No auxiliary "do/does" in questions (e.g., May I ask a question?).

    • No "don't/doesn't" in negatives (e.g., You shouldn't tell lies).

    • Followed by an infinitive without "to" (except "ought to").

    • Degree of Certainty: Modals expressing probability range from high (will) to low (might/could).
    • Will/Won't: Express strong prediction about the future, or assumptions about the present based on known routines/character.
    • Must/Can't: Express logical interpretations or strong deductions. "Must" is less certain than "will". "Can't" expresses the opposite.
    • Should: Expresses expectations based on reasonable assumptions and hopes of the speaker for an event to happen.
    • May/Might/Could: Express the possibility that something might happen, they are less emphatic in comparison to "will" or "must".

    Willingness and Refusal

    • Will/Won't: Express willingness (I'll help you) or refusal (She won't get up).
    • Shall: Used in questions about willingness (Shall I give you a hand?).
    • Wouldn't: Expresses past refusal.

    Requests

    • Several modals (can, could, will, would) can be used to express requests.

    Ability

    • Can/Could: Express present or past ability.
    • Be able to: Used for expressing ability in a wider range of tenses and contexts (e.g., I've never been able to, I'd love to be able to, you'll be able to).
    • Was/Were able to/Managed to: Used to express past ability in specific situations or on a single occasion in the past instead of using "could".

    Advice

    • Should/Ought to: Express mild obligation or advice.
    • Had better: Gives stronger advice, or directives with slightly more emphasis.

    Obligation

    • Must: Expresses strong obligation; often used in a formal context or instructions.
    • Have to/Have got to: Expresses obligation, based on rules, laws, or the instructions of another person.
    • Mustn't: Expresses negative obligation (prohibition).
    • Don't have to: Expresses the absence of obligation.

    Permission

    • May/Can/Could: Used to ask for permission.
    • Can/Could/Be allowed to: Used for talking about permission in general or in various tenses.
    • Are/am/is allowed to/ permitted to: Expresses permission and prohibition generally or in past/future contexts.
    • Other related verbs (e.g., be bound to, be likely to, be required to, be supposed to) express similar ideas to modal verbs.

    Other Notes

    • Examples of modal usage in various situations (e.g., Asking for permission to enter a gym, explaining probabilities, providing advice) are given in the text to illustrate these points and show different meanings.
    • The text also includes examples of how to put modal verbs into past and future tenses.

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    Description

    Test your understanding of modal verbs and their uses in expressing ability, permission, obligation, and probability. This quiz covers the characteristics of modal verbs and their application in sentences. Challenge yourself with different examples and see how well you comprehend these essential grammar tools.

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