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Questions and Answers
Which of the following modal verbs are used to express ability and possibility?
Which of the following modal verbs are used to express ability and possibility?
Which of the following modal verbs is used to express permission?
Which of the following modal verbs is used to express permission?
Which modal verb is the most formal and polite way to ask for permission?
Which modal verb is the most formal and polite way to ask for permission?
Which of the following phrases is used to express a strong advice?
Which of the following phrases is used to express a strong advice?
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Which of the following modal verbs is used to express necessity?
Which of the following modal verbs is used to express necessity?
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The modal verb 'will' can be used with 'be supposed to' to express a future expectation.
The modal verb 'will' can be used with 'be supposed to' to express a future expectation.
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Which of the following modal verbs expresses a future possibility?
Which of the following modal verbs expresses a future possibility?
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Which modal verbs are used to show less certainty?
Which modal verbs are used to show less certainty?
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You ____ better arrive on time.
You ____ better arrive on time.
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She ____ to be at the concert in one hour.
She ____ to be at the concert in one hour.
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Flashcards
Modal verbs - ability
Modal verbs - ability
Words like 'can', 'could', and 'be able to' show present or past ability or possibility.
Modal verbs - permission (asking)
Modal verbs - permission (asking)
Use 'can', 'could', 'may', or 'do you mind if' to ask for permission.
Modal verbs - permission (giving)
Modal verbs - permission (giving)
'Can', 'may', are used to grant permission in a polite way.
Modal verbs - permission (refusing)
Modal verbs - permission (refusing)
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Modal verbs - request
Modal verbs - request
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Modal verbs - advice (should)
Modal verbs - advice (should)
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Modal verbs - advice (ought to)
Modal verbs - advice (ought to)
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Modal verbs - advice (had better)
Modal verbs - advice (had better)
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Modal verbs - necessity (have to)
Modal verbs - necessity (have to)
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Modal verbs - necessity (must)
Modal verbs - necessity (must)
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Modal verbs - expectation (be supposed to)
Modal verbs - expectation (be supposed to)
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Modal verbs - future possibility (may/might/could)
Modal verbs - future possibility (may/might/could)
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Modal verbs - present conclusions (must)
Modal verbs - present conclusions (must)
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Modal verbs - present conclusions (can't/couldn't)
Modal verbs - present conclusions (can't/couldn't)
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Modal verbs - present conclusions (may/might/could)
Modal verbs - present conclusions (may/might/could)
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Modal verbs - present conclusions (have to)
Modal verbs - present conclusions (have to)
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Study Notes
Modal Verbs and Similar Expressions
- Compiled by Nur Hidayah Md Yazid
- Main reference: Fuchs, Bonner & Westheimer (2017), Focus on Grammar, 5th Edition, Pearson Education
Types of Modal Verbs
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Ability and Possibility: (can, could, be able to) - used for present and past ability and possibility. Could is used for past ability or possibility, while can is for present. Be able to is also used for ability, often to describe future ability.
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Permission: (can, could, may, do you mind if) - used to ask for and give permission. Could is more formal than can. May and Do you mind if are even more formal and polite ways of asking for permission.
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Request: (can, could, will, would, would you mind) - used to make requests. Using could, would, or would you mind + a gerund is a polite way to ask someone to do something. Can and will are less polite.
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Necessity: (have to, have got to, must, can't) - used to describe a necessity or obligation. Have to is the most common way to express necessity in conversation and writing, followed by have got to. Must is stronger and often used for rules or regulations. Can't is used to express a lack of necessity.
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Expectations: (be supposed to) - used to express different types of expectations, which can be for present or future.
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Future Possibility: (may, might, could) - used to express the possibility of something happening in the future. Also be aware when using will or will not for certainty.
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Present Conclusions: (must, have (got) to, may, might, could, can't) - used to express conclusions and guesses based on available facts and evidence. Use affirmative modals for probable/possible conclusions, and negative modals for impossible ones.
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Description
Test your understanding of modal verbs and their different uses in English. This quiz will cover topics such as ability, permission, requests, and necessity. Assess your grammar skills with practical examples and explanations.
