Mobile IP

Mobile IP: Limitations of Conventional TCP/IP and Operation of Mobile IPv4 and IPv6

• Conventional TCP/IP has limitations as the IP address is used for routing packets and also as an end-point identifier for applications in end-hosts.

• A TCP connection cannot survive any address change because it relies on the socket to determine a connection.

• Mobile IP creates an “anchor” for a mobile host that takes care of packet forwarding and location management.

• Mobile IP was designed to be compatible with existing network protocols, transparent to higher layers and users, scalable and efficient, and secure due to changing locations of the mobile node.

• Mobile IPv4 was introduced in 1996 and revised in 2002, while Mobile IPv6 was introduced in 2004.

• The major components of Mobile IP are a Home Agent (HA), Foreign Agent (FA), and Mobile Node (MN).

• The mobile node is assigned a home network IP address that is static, and it can move to another network, which is a foreign network.

• The mobile node registers with a network node on the foreign network, which is the foreign agent, and gives a care-of address to the agent on the home network, which is the home agent.

• Mobile IP supports discovery, registration, and tunneling capabilities.

• The mobile node is responsible for the ongoing discovery process to identify prospective home and foreign agents.

• The home agent intercepts IP datagrams sent to the mobile node's home address and forwards them to the care-of address via tunneling.

• Mobile IPv6 introduced new messages and options, such as Binding Update (BU) and Binding Acknowledgement (BAck), and new destination options and routing header types.Summary of Mobile IPv6, Proxy MIPv6, IP Micro-mobility support, and Locator/ID split

• The binding lifetime of CN is near expiration

• Mobile IPv6 supports CoA auto-configuration with DAD required, route optimization, and strong security between MN and HA, but weak security between MN and CN

• Handover latency for standard MIPv6 is up to 2.5 seconds

• Host-based MIPv4/v6 has not been widely deployed due to heavy implementation specifications and battery and air resource concerns

• Proxy MIPv6 is designed to provide mobility support to any IPv6 host without requiring the host to participate in any mobility-related signaling and with no change in the MN protocol stack required

• PMIPv6 introduces new entities, LMA and MAG, and assumes a point-to-point link between MN and MAG with a per-MN prefix model

• PMIPv6 features include home in any place, proxy registration, M:1 tunnel, and LMA prefix-based routing

• IP micro-mobility support enables efficient local handover inside a foreign domain without involving a home agent and is important for security, efficiency, scalability, transparency, and manageability

• Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 reduces control traffic on the backbone and minimizes the number of overall changes to routing tables but requires decentralized security-critical functionality and is not transparent to MNs

• Host Identity Protocol v2 introduces HIP layer between routing and transport with IP addresses for routing only and identification via Host Identity Tag based on public keys

• Locator/ID Separation Protocol introduces a new routing concept with tunneling for data transport and no changes to hosts or core, using RLOC for routing and EID for identification

Mobile IP: Limitations of Conventional TCP/IP and Operation of Mobile IPv4 and IPv6

• Conventional TCP/IP has limitations as the IP address is used for routing packets and also as an end-point identifier for applications in end-hosts.

• A TCP connection cannot survive any address change because it relies on the socket to determine a connection.

• Mobile IP creates an “anchor” for a mobile host that takes care of packet forwarding and location management.

• Mobile IP was designed to be compatible with existing network protocols, transparent to higher layers and users, scalable and efficient, and secure due to changing locations of the mobile node.

• Mobile IPv4 was introduced in 1996 and revised in 2002, while Mobile IPv6 was introduced in 2004.

• The major components of Mobile IP are a Home Agent (HA), Foreign Agent (FA), and Mobile Node (MN).

• The mobile node is assigned a home network IP address that is static, and it can move to another network, which is a foreign network.

• The mobile node registers with a network node on the foreign network, which is the foreign agent, and gives a care-of address to the agent on the home network, which is the home agent.

• Mobile IP supports discovery, registration, and tunneling capabilities.

• The mobile node is responsible for the ongoing discovery process to identify prospective home and foreign agents.

• The home agent intercepts IP datagrams sent to the mobile node's home address and forwards them to the care-of address via tunneling.

• Mobile IPv6 introduced new messages and options, such as Binding Update (BU) and Binding Acknowledgement (BAck), and new destination options and routing header types.Summary of Mobile IPv6, Proxy MIPv6, IP Micro-mobility support, and Locator/ID split

• The binding lifetime of CN is near expiration

• Mobile IPv6 supports CoA auto-configuration with DAD required, route optimization, and strong security between MN and HA, but weak security between MN and CN

• Handover latency for standard MIPv6 is up to 2.5 seconds

• Host-based MIPv4/v6 has not been widely deployed due to heavy implementation specifications and battery and air resource concerns

• Proxy MIPv6 is designed to provide mobility support to any IPv6 host without requiring the host to participate in any mobility-related signaling and with no change in the MN protocol stack required

• PMIPv6 introduces new entities, LMA and MAG, and assumes a point-to-point link between MN and MAG with a per-MN prefix model

• PMIPv6 features include home in any place, proxy registration, M:1 tunnel, and LMA prefix-based routing

• IP micro-mobility support enables efficient local handover inside a foreign domain without involving a home agent and is important for security, efficiency, scalability, transparency, and manageability

• Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 reduces control traffic on the backbone and minimizes the number of overall changes to routing tables but requires decentralized security-critical functionality and is not transparent to MNs

• Host Identity Protocol v2 introduces HIP layer between routing and transport with IP addresses for routing only and identification via Host Identity Tag based on public keys

• Locator/ID Separation Protocol introduces a new routing concept with tunneling for data transport and no changes to hosts or core, using RLOC for routing and EID for identification

Mobile IP: Limitations of Conventional TCP/IP and Operation of Mobile IPv4 and IPv6

• Conventional TCP/IP has limitations as the IP address is used for routing packets and also as an end-point identifier for applications in end-hosts.

• A TCP connection cannot survive any address change because it relies on the socket to determine a connection.

• Mobile IP creates an “anchor” for a mobile host that takes care of packet forwarding and location management.

• Mobile IP was designed to be compatible with existing network protocols, transparent to higher layers and users, scalable and efficient, and secure due to changing locations of the mobile node.

• Mobile IPv4 was introduced in 1996 and revised in 2002, while Mobile IPv6 was introduced in 2004.

• The major components of Mobile IP are a Home Agent (HA), Foreign Agent (FA), and Mobile Node (MN).

• The mobile node is assigned a home network IP address that is static, and it can move to another network, which is a foreign network.

• The mobile node registers with a network node on the foreign network, which is the foreign agent, and gives a care-of address to the agent on the home network, which is the home agent.

• Mobile IP supports discovery, registration, and tunneling capabilities.

• The mobile node is responsible for the ongoing discovery process to identify prospective home and foreign agents.

• The home agent intercepts IP datagrams sent to the mobile node's home address and forwards them to the care-of address via tunneling.

• Mobile IPv6 introduced new messages and options, such as Binding Update (BU) and Binding Acknowledgement (BAck), and new destination options and routing header types.Summary of Mobile IPv6, Proxy MIPv6, IP Micro-mobility support, and Locator/ID split

• The binding lifetime of CN is near expiration

• Mobile IPv6 supports CoA auto-configuration with DAD required, route optimization, and strong security between MN and HA, but weak security between MN and CN

• Handover latency for standard MIPv6 is up to 2.5 seconds

• Host-based MIPv4/v6 has not been widely deployed due to heavy implementation specifications and battery and air resource concerns

• Proxy MIPv6 is designed to provide mobility support to any IPv6 host without requiring the host to participate in any mobility-related signaling and with no change in the MN protocol stack required

• PMIPv6 introduces new entities, LMA and MAG, and assumes a point-to-point link between MN and MAG with a per-MN prefix model

• PMIPv6 features include home in any place, proxy registration, M:1 tunnel, and LMA prefix-based routing

• IP micro-mobility support enables efficient local handover inside a foreign domain without involving a home agent and is important for security, efficiency, scalability, transparency, and manageability

• Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 reduces control traffic on the backbone and minimizes the number of overall changes to routing tables but requires decentralized security-critical functionality and is not transparent to MNs

• Host Identity Protocol v2 introduces HIP layer between routing and transport with IP addresses for routing only and identification via Host Identity Tag based on public keys

• Locator/ID Separation Protocol introduces a new routing concept with tunneling for data transport and no changes to hosts or core, using RLOC for routing and EID for identification