17 Questions
What term is used to describe mobile elements as 'genomic parasites' or 'drivers' of genomic evolution?
Molecular Drive
Which scientist discovered the DNA transposons (transposons) known as 'jumping genes'?
Barbara McClintock
What mechanism is initiated by the 'cut and paste' mechanisms of Tn elements to repair 'scars' due to mobility?
Recombination by recombinases
What term describes the short repeated sequences that are usually found adjacent to mobile elements when they integrate into the genome?
Target site duplication
Which of the following is a significant genomic contribution of mobile elements?
Creation of recombination hot spots
In the context of mobile elements, what does 'accidental speciation' refer to?
Development of a new species due to mobile element activity
Which of the following is a source of new genes in macroevolution?
Mobile elements
What is the primary mechanism responsible for the movement of mobile elements in DNA?
Transposition
What is the term for the process in which a new gene is introduced into a population through the action of a mobile element?
Horizontal gene transfer
Which of the following is a consequence of mobile element movement in macroevolution?
Increased genetic diversity
Which of the following mechanisms is most directly involved in the spread of mobile elements within a population?
Gene flow
What percentage of the human genome consists of LTR retroelements?
8%
What is the primary mechanism of mobility for Class 1 mobile elements?
RNA-mediated transposition through reverse transcriptase
What is the name of the small, renegade RNA genes that make up around 13% of the human genome?
SINES
What is the approximate percentage of the human genome that consists of mobile elements?
30%
What is the enzyme responsible for converting RNA to DNA in retrotransposition?
Reverse transcriptase
What is the term for autonomous and non-autonomous mobile elements?
Class 1 and Class 2 mobile elements
Explore the role of mobile elements in driving genome evolution and speciation. Learn about target site duplications (TSD) and long terminal repeats (LTR) within the human genome. Discuss the impact of transposable elements as drivers of genomic evolution.
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