Mobile App Architecture and Android Lifecycle

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Questions and Answers

What is one primary purpose of using fragments in Android applications?

  • Reusability (correct)
  • Enhancing security protocols
  • Increasing app memory usage
  • Reducing user interface complexity

Which type of intent is used to launch a specific component within the same application?

  • Implicit Intent
  • Explicit Intent (correct)
  • Service Intent
  • Broadcast Intent

What does an Implicit Intent allow in Android applications?

  • To communicate between different applications (correct)
  • To perform scheduled tasks
  • To specify the exact component to launch
  • To start a background service

Which of the following is NOT a component of Android app intents?

<p>Binding services to activities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of fragments enhances user experience by allowing lifecycle awareness?

<p>Dynamic UI Design (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Mobile App Architecture?

<p>To structure the app's core elements (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which architectures are commonly used for Android applications?

<p>MVVM and Clean Architecture (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which lifecycle stage is the Activity first created?

<p>onCreate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the onPause() method is called in an Android Activity?

<p>Data is saved and changes are committed (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which lifecycle stage precedes the onResume() method?

<p>onStart (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which lifecycle method should you set up UI components and initialize data?

<p>onCreate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the onStart() method?

<p>To make the Activity visible to the user (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done when onPause() is called to maintain app performance?

<p>Pause updates and save important data (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an Activity in an Android app?

<p>To display a user interface for user interaction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which lifecycle method is called when an Activity is first created?

<p>onCreate() (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the onPause() lifecycle method signify about the Activity?

<p>The Activity is partially visible but not fully interactive (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do Fragments enhance UI design in Android apps?

<p>By enabling reusable portions of UI within an Activity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the relationship between Activities and Fragments?

<p>Each Activity contains one or more Fragments (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the onStop() method in the Android activity lifecycle?

<p>It is called when the activity is no longer visible. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens during the onStop() lifecycle method?

<p>The Activity is no longer visible to the user (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes an example of an Activity?

<p>The screen that allows users to view their account settings (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is the onRestart() method called in the activity lifecycle?

<p>When the user returns to the activity from a stopped state. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary feature of Fragments in an Android app?

<p>They can be reused across multiple Activities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done in the onDestroy() method of an activity?

<p>Persist any unsaved data and cleanup resources. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is called immediately after an activity becomes visible to the user?

<p>onResume() (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is expected to happen in the onPause() method of an activity?

<p>The activity may be partially hidden and must save state. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method indicates that the activity is no longer in the foreground?

<p>onStop() (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the onCreate() method in an activity?

<p>It initializes the activity and its user interface. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How would you best describe an Activity in Android?

<p>A single screen with a user interface. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What method is used to send data with an Intent in Android?

<p>putExtra() (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the onCreate() method of MainActivity, which line ensures that the ListFragment is displayed?

<p>getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().replace(R.id.fragment_container, new ListFragment()).commit(); (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What key is used to retrieve the 'username' extra in SecondActivity?

<p>getIntent().getStringExtra('username'); (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is a button set up to handle a click in the ListFragment?

<p>detailsButton.setOnClickListener(v -&gt; { ... }); (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the addToBackStack(null) method in the ListFragment?

<p>To allow the user to navigate back to the previous fragment. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in creating an Intent to view a website?

<p>intent.setData(Uri.parse('http://...')); (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the replace() method achieve when working with fragments?

<p>Replaces the existing fragment with a new one. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which Android component is responsible for handling the lifecycle of an application UI?

<p>Activity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

onStop()

Called when an Activity is no longer visible, usually when a new Activity is opened.

onRestart()

Called when a stopped Activity is restarted, like returning from the Recent Apps menu.

onDestroy()

The last method called before an Activity is destroyed (either by user or system).

onCreate()

The first method called when an Activity is created.

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onStart()

Called after onCreate() when the Activity becomes visible.

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onResume()

Called when the Activity gains focus and is interactive.

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onPause()

Called when another Activity is taking focus or entering the foreground.

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Activity

A single screen in an Android app with a user interface.

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Mobile App Architecture

The structure of a mobile application's core elements, including data, presentation, and navigation.

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Why Mobile App Architecture?

It impacts app performance, maintainability, and scalability.

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Android Activity Lifecycle

Manages user interactions and resource handling in Android apps.

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Android Activity Lifecycle Stages

Different phases an Activity goes through, like onCreate, onStart, onResume, onPause, onStop, onDestroy.

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onCreate(Bundle)

Called first when an Activity is created; initializes the Activity, sets up its UI, and binds data.

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onStart()

Called after onCreate; makes the Activity visible to the user, but not yet in focus.

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onResume()

Called when an Activity gets focus and is fully interactive.

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onPause()

Called when an Activity loses focus temporarily or loses interaction (like a dialog showing up).

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Purpose of Fragments

Fragments are reusable pieces of UI within an Activity, assisting with UI design and navigation.

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Intents

Intents are instructions for actions in Android apps. They allow communication between app components.

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Explicit Intent

An explicit intent specifies the exact component (activity or service) to call within the same app.

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Implicit Intent

An implicit intent does not specify a specific component, enabling communication between different apps.

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Android Activity

A single screen in an Android app with a user interface.

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Activity Purpose

Displays UI, handles user input, manages screen transitions, and is the app's entry point.

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Activity Lifecycle

Series of events an Activity goes through as it's created, used, and destroyed.

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onCreate()

Called when an Activity is first created.

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onStart()

Activity becomes visible to the user.

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onResume()

Activity becomes interactive and is in the foreground.

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onPause()

Activity loses focus but is still partially visible.

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onStop()

Activity is no longer visible; another Activity takes over the screen.

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onDestroy()

Activity is completely removed from memory.

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Android Fragment

Re-usable part of an Android app's UI embedded within an Activity.

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Intent Extras

Used to pass data between Activities in Android. Data is stored as key-value pairs.

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startActivity()

Starts a new Activity in an Android app.

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getIntent().getStringExtra()

Retrieves data passed to an Activity using Intent Extras.

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Android Fragment

A modular, reusable portion of an Activity's UI.

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getSupportFragmentManager()

Used to manage Fragments within an Activity

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replace()

Replaces one Fragment with another in a container.

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addToBackStack()

Adds a transaction to the back stack, enabling back navigation

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onCreate()

The first method called when an Activity is created, setting up the Activity UI and handling initial data.

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setContentView()

Sets the layout for an Activity using a resource ID.

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Study Notes

Mobile App Architecture

  • Mobile app architecture structures core app elements (data, presentation, navigation)
  • Good architecture improves performance, maintainability, and scalability
  • Different platforms (Android, iOS) use various architectures (MVVM, Clean, MVC)

Android Activity Lifecycle

  • Manages user interactions & resource handling
  • Lifecycle stages govern app behavior during different user actions
    • onCreate: Initial setup, UI creation, data binding, component initialization
    • onStart: Makes Activity visible to the user, but not in foreground
    • onResume: Activity gains focus, becomes interactive, animating, updating data
    • onPause: Activity partially blocked, pauses updates, animations, saves data
    • onStop: Activity is no longer visible, user switches to another activity, releases resources
    • onRestart: Activity is resumed after being stopped
    • onDestroy: Final method, cleaned resources, final state persistence

Components of Android Apps - Activities

  • An Activity is a single screen with a user interface (like a webpage)
    • Examples: news feed, editing a document, navigating a map

Components of Android Apps - Fragments

  • Reusable UI portion of an Activity
  • Designed to be embedded within an Activity and occupy parts of it, allowing modular designs.
    • Examples: news feed, article content, app settings

Components of Android Apps - Intents

  • Intents are abstract descriptions of operations
  • Enable Android apps to perform various tasks, such as starting new activities, services, broadcasting messages, and exchanging data between components
    • Types include Explicit Intents (specifying target components) and Implicit Intents (allowing communication between different apps)

Passing Data with Intent Extras

  • Passing data between activities via Intent Extras
    • Example: Passing user data between activities

Implementing Activities and Fragments in Android

  • Methods for activity and fragment implementation (including Java code snippets)

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