Clinical Chemistry & Immunology: Common Equipment & Tests

What is the primary principle of measurement in an osmometer?

Osmolality calculation
Boiling point elevation
Colligative properties determination
Freezing point depression (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a type of blood gas analysis?

Arterial blood gas analysis
Central blood gas analysis
Whole blood glucose analysis (correct)
Venous blood gas analysis

What is the unit of measurement for the molal freezing point depression constant (Kf)?

mM
°C/m (correct)
moles/L
mg/dL

What is the primary application of osmometers in clinical laboratory settings?

Urgent vital tests for disorders such as DM and analgesics overdose (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the freezing point of the pure solvent?

Tf° (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following substances is NOT measured by an osmometer?

pH (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Osmometer in a clinical laboratory?

To measure blood and urine osmolality (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum throughput of the Cobas Pure in terms of photometric and ISE tests per hour?

Up to 750 tests per hour (C) Signup and view all the answers

What type of measurement methodology is used in the Cobas Pure for certain tests?

Spectrophotometric (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Blood Gas Analyser in a clinical laboratory?

To measure pH, PO2, PCO2, and HCO3 in blood (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of the modular design of the Cobas Pure?

Integration of multiple analytical units (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the c303 Clinical Chemistry Analytical Unit in the Cobas Pure?

To perform routine chemistry tests (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions is characterized by low sodium levels but normal osmolality?

Pseudohyponatraemia (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the analytical measurement principle used to calculate the osmolal gap?

Indirect ISE (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following measurement techniques is used to measure the loss of intensity of light transmitted through a sample due to the scattering effect of insoluble particles?

Turbidimetry (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle behind the Colorimetric measurement technique?

Change in absorbance (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a application of Enzyme Kinetics in measurement?

Liver enzymes (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the difference between the actual and calculated osmolality?

Osmolal gap (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Turbidimetry and Nephelometry?

Turbidimetry measures particles at a single angle, while Nephelometry measures at multiple angles. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary application of Turbidimetry and Nephelometry?

Measuring concentrations of large particles in serum proteins (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle of Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay (ECLIA)?

It uses electroluminescence to measure the Sandwich complex (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Indirect ISE method in Pseudohyponatraemia?

It causes an exclusion effect (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following analyzers is commonly used for Turbidimetry?

Roche autoanalyzer (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary application of Ion Selective Electrode and Electrolyte analyser?

Measuring electrolyte levels in serum (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following biomarkers is used to diagnose neuroblastoma?

VMA (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of thyroid function tests?

To evaluate thyroid stimulating hormone levels (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following liver function tests is used to diagnose cholestasis?

Bilirubin (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary application of cardiac markers tests?

To diagnose cardiovascular disease (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following tumour markers is used to diagnose nasopharyngeal carcinoma?

Anti-IgM (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of renal function tests?

To monitor electrolyte levels (C) Signup and view all the answers