ملخص التواصل الشخصي

Personal Communication Summary

• Personal communication is interaction between individuals, involving the exchange of stimuli.
• It can be direct (e.g., face-to-face) or indirect (e.g., phone).
• It's the first form of communication learned, starting from birth.
• Direct communication uses all senses and provides insight into the message's impact.
• It involves one or more people, like conversations with friends or in meetings.
  • Gerald Meer defines it as a small group session with face-to-face interaction; the limit of communication channels.
  • Merton defines it as direct, face-to-face interaction between the communicator and receiver, leading to change in the receiver.
  • Muhammad Auda defines it as exchange of information and ideas between people, without intermediaries.
• Communication isn't complete without personal relationships; essential in all relationships
• Communication needs are vital

Types of Personal Communication

• Direct: Between multiple people directly via words and gestures.
• Indirect: Involves technology to convey the message.

Characteristics of Personal Communication

• Result of natural needs: Interactions generate internal communication needs.
• Two-way: Information flows in both directions. Receivers become senders and vice-versa.
• Immediate feedback: Allows senders to get instant feedback without geographical or time gaps.
• Control: Immediate feedback empowers control and direction of the exchange.
• Visual cues: Accompany information, enhancing comprehension for the receiver.
• Nonverbal communication: Includes body language, tone, clothing, and accessories.
• Spontaneity: Unplanned and guided by customs and traditions.

Effect of Sound, Speech, and Visual Aids on the Listener

• A study by Herbert Mehrabi at UCLA examined the impact of these three elements in communication.

  • Verbal: 7%
  • Vocal: 38%
  • Visual: 55%

Benefits of Personal Communication

• Two-way communication: Allows listeners to receive instant feedback.
• Adaptable to audience language: Enables communication in the audience's language.
• Spontaneity: Communication is natural and engaging.
• Interaction and exchange: Enables participation and mutual exchange during discussion.
• Social relationship benefits: Leverages the advantages of social interaction.
• Persuasion: Effective and influential.
• Social movements & reform: More effective than printed words.
• Fulfilling needs: Includes entertainment, feelings, belonging, escaping reality, and relaxation.
• Control: Human need for control over life and others.

Disadvantages of Personal Communication

• Boredom and mental distraction: Can interfere with communication.
• Lack of charisma: A less engaging communicator may fail to capture attention.
• Lack of communication skills: Incompetent delivery may hinder communication.

Importance of Personal Communication in Organizations

• Essential for organizational efficiency.
• Enhances productivity, both internally and externally.
  • Issues: Used to satisfy curiosity, gain insights into others' thoughts and share information.
  • Subjectivity and personal reasons: Focus on personal implications of communication.
  • Information exchange: Effective flow of data.
  • Relationship building: Creates a friendly and collaborative environment.
  • Obstacles: Poor internal communication among employees.
  • Goal achievement: Supports collective objectives.

Benefits of Personal Communication in Businesses

• Problem-solving: Increased information leads to better problem-solving capabilities.
• Speed: Information exchange is quicker, allowing for timely feedback.
• Expansion of official communication: Enhances the reach of formal communication channels.
• Message clarification: Provides clarification and confirmation of messages.
• Effectiveness: More convincing and easily understood than written communication.
• Skills development: Equips employees with valuable soft skills.
• Morale/Teamwork: Improves employee motivation and fosters team cohesion.
• Goal-oriented behaviour: Guides employees towards achieving organizational goals.
• Experience & skill development: Enhances skills by allowing employees to practice.
• Trust and credibility: Strengthens trust and reliability among employees.
• Organizational objectives: Supports the accomplishment of organizational goals.

Disadvantages of Personal Communication in Organizations

• Potential for conflict: Disagreement may arise between organizational (formal) and informal objectives.
• Additional costs: Can involve increased operational expenses.
• Accuracy issues: Rumors and misinterpretations may occur.
• Potential for dissent: Employee opinions can lead to challenges to management.
• Managerial difficulties: Some managers struggle to manage informal communication effectively.
• Communication disruptions: Communication gaps may arise between management and employees.
• Employee Resistance: Employees may resist orders impacting their peers.
• Skill deficiency & new employees: Inadequate skills and inexperience can impede effective communication.

Importance of External Personal Communication

• Excellent customer interaction: The communicator must be well-prepared to handle customer inquiries and concerns.
• Active listening: Pay attention to customer grievances.

Traits of a Successful Salesperson

• Diplomacy: Crucial for interacting with clients effectively.
• Negotiation skills: The ability to bargain and maintain good customer relations.
• Quick thinking: The salesperson needs complete product knowledge.
• Strong personality: Must handle various situations, maintain composure and employ effective strategies for success.
• Support: Offer help in understanding the product details, assembly instructions, or use guidelines.

Qualities of a Successful Salesperson

• Individuality: Ensure clients feel valued.
• Early impressions: The first five seconds are critical.
• Engaging conversation: Encourage enjoyable dialogue about general subjects.
• Personal touch: Incorporate personal elements to build connections.
• Interest & engagement: Display sincere interest in clients.
• Positivity: Create a positive and supportive environment.
• Proactiveness: Explore effective ways to handle tasks.
• Memorable experiences: Provide positive lasting memories.
• Uniqueness: Differentiate yourself and provide exceptional service.
• Observation: Pay close attention to clients' behaviour.
• Information & support: Provide the necessary product and service information.
• Professional conduct: Maintain professional etiquette and ethical standards.
• Prompt responses: Respond to calls swiftly.
• Minimized wait times: Shorten waiting periods when handling calls.
• Honesty & transparency: Be truthful and straightforward.
• Eye contact: Maintain eye contact during interactions; a crucial starting point.
• Respect & hospitality: Treat clients with respect, care, and warmth.
• Recognition of accomplishments: Honour customers and acknowledge their success.
• Presentation appeal: Enhance the visual aspects of the sales environment.
• Relationship cultivation: Dedicate time to build strong client relationships and expand knowledge in both client interaction and product expertise.
• Personal improvement: Continuously develop and strive for new achievements, motivating and energizing oneself and others.
• Awareness: Stay attentive to surroundings, utilizing creativity, team-building, and support for success.

Political Communication and Candidates

• Political communication, especially during elections, aims to influence voter behaviour by promoting the candidates or the parties.
• It can be through rallies, meetings, conferences, and media campaigns. The goal is to secure votes.

Importance & Advantages of Personal Communication for a Political Candidate

• Direct interaction: Voters often rely on personal interactions to evaluate candidates.
• Campaign strategy: Effective planning involves understanding the target audience.
• Two-way communication: Encourages direct feedback.
• Instant responses: Immediate reactions are valuable.
• Targeted messages: Messages are directly addressed to the desired audience.
• Spontaneity: Communication avoids artificiality, enhancing authenticity.
• Discussion opportunities: Allows for clarifying points and addressing concerns.
• Candidate performance: The candidate's approach proves important for achieving goals.
• Social connections: Leveraging family and friend networks.
• Image building: Create a positive image for the candidate.
• Expert opinion: Reaching out to influential figures for endorsements.

يتناول هذا المساق أهمية التواصل الشخصي كأحد أشكال التواصل الأساسية التي نتعلمها منذ الولادة. يشمل التواصل المباشر وغير المباشر، ويؤكد على دوره في إنشاء علاقات شخصية فعالة. يمتد إلى المحادثات اليومية والاجتماعات، ويعتبر ضروريًا لفهم الرسائل وتحقيق التأثير.