15 Questions
What is the recommended peak level for tracks to keep headroom in mixes?
-10dB
When recording a real drum kit, what technique can be used to eliminate space between hits on tom mics?
Gating the mics
What is the purpose of muting or deleting unwanted sections, such as chair squeaks or finger noise, in a recording?
To eliminate background noise
What is considered the most enjoyable part of the recording process for the author?
The final mixing stage
What is a crucial factor influencing how smoothly a mixing session will proceed?
The quality of the arrangements and sounds being used in the recording
What is the focus of Mike Senior's contribution in this issue of Sound On Sound?
Advanced mixing techniques for experienced engineers
Which process is crucial for achieving a good vocal recording?
Creating an acoustically dead zone around the microphone and singer
What is essential for a good mix at the recording stage?
24-bit recording to eliminate the need for compressing during recording
What is the purpose of using compression in audio production?
To stabilize levels or add thickness and character when necessary
What is the purpose of filtering out some low end from a reverb in a mix?
To prevent the reverb from clouding the vulnerable low-mid range
Why should bass sounds and lead vocals typically stay pinned to the centre of a mix?
To provide a natural and expected listening experience
How does mastering generally impact the overall tonal balance of a mix?
It adds density and airiness to the mix
Which type of EQ adjustment is generally recommended to address issues in a mix?
Cutting frequencies
What is the primary consideration when using distortion on a sound?
Introducing harmonic distortion
What is the main purpose of using high and low cut filters on specific instruments?
Trimming unwanted frequencies
Study Notes
- Acoustic instruments like the guitar have a wide frequency range, while triangles have a limited one.
- Parametric EQs and filters are used to adjust spectral balance in mixes and individual elements.
- Equalization (EQ) should be used mindfully to fix issues, sweeten sounds, or introduce creative effects.
- Cuts in the frequency spectrum are usually more natural and effective than boosts.
- Narrow-spectrum instruments are easier to place in a mix, while broad-spectrum sounds might need filtering or placement adjustments.
- Distortion adds harmonics to the sound, affecting the mid-range and requiring careful consideration.
- The mid-range is the most sensitive part of the spectrum, where our ears are most sensitive and where many instruments overlap.
- High and low cut filters can be used to trim unwanted frequencies and narrow the frequency range of specific instruments.
- Create space between notes and phrases to allow mix elements to sit better.
- Use reference mixes to understand what sounds work in your genre and learn from them.
- Not all equalizers sound the same, so experiment with different options to find the most musical sound.
- Convolution reverbs can sound great on acoustic instruments, but the choice of reverb type depends on personal preference.
- Use reverb judiciously, avoiding adding it to bass sounds or kick drums and leaving enough space between the notes in the mix.
- Set reverb levels conservatively and check them in both mono and stereo.
Learn about the importance of monitor volume and reference tracks in achieving a balanced mix. Understand how commercial records can serve as a benchmark for your own mixes, and the significance of checking mixes on different playback devices. Use this link to access the material: https://www.soundonsound.com/techniques/mixing-essentials
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