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Questions and Answers
In multicellular organisms, what is the primary role of mitosis?
In multicellular organisms, what is the primary role of mitosis?
- To enable growth and repair of tissues. (correct)
- To introduce genetic variation.
- To facilitate asexual reproduction.
- To decrease the number of cells.
Why is it essential that each new cell receives the same type and number of genes as the parent cell during mitosis?
Why is it essential that each new cell receives the same type and number of genes as the parent cell during mitosis?
- To promote faster rates of cell division.
- To maintain the functional integrity of the organism. (correct)
- To allow cells to adapt to different environments.
- To ensure genetic diversity among cells.
What key event occurs during interphase that prepares the cell for mitosis?
What key event occurs during interphase that prepares the cell for mitosis?
- The cell divides its cytoplasm.
- The cell replicates its DNA. (correct)
- The nuclear envelope breaks down.
- Chromosomes align at the metaphase plate.
During prophase, what significant change occurs within the cell's nucleus?
During prophase, what significant change occurs within the cell's nucleus?
In metaphase, where are the chromosomes aligned?
In metaphase, where are the chromosomes aligned?
What action characterizes anaphase and ensures proper chromosome segregation?
What action characterizes anaphase and ensures proper chromosome segregation?
What event directly follows telophase in the cell cycle?
What event directly follows telophase in the cell cycle?
How does mitosis contribute to asexual reproduction in single-celled organisms?
How does mitosis contribute to asexual reproduction in single-celled organisms?
During telophase, what reforms around each set of separated chromosomes?
During telophase, what reforms around each set of separated chromosomes?
What is the main function of spindle fibers during mitosis?
What is the main function of spindle fibers during mitosis?
What would be the most likely outcome if a cell skipped the interphase stage before undergoing mitosis?
What would be the most likely outcome if a cell skipped the interphase stage before undergoing mitosis?
Which of the following lists the stages of mitosis in the correct order?
Which of the following lists the stages of mitosis in the correct order?
What distinguishes cytokinesis in animal cells from cytokinesis in plant cells?
What distinguishes cytokinesis in animal cells from cytokinesis in plant cells?
How does mitosis ensure genetic stability from one cell generation to the next?
How does mitosis ensure genetic stability from one cell generation to the next?
What is the role of the centrosomes in mitosis?
What is the role of the centrosomes in mitosis?
What is the immediate consequence if spindle fibers fail to attach to the centromeres during metaphase?
What is the immediate consequence if spindle fibers fail to attach to the centromeres during metaphase?
How does the process of mitosis differ in prokaryotic cells compared to eukaryotic cells?
How does the process of mitosis differ in prokaryotic cells compared to eukaryotic cells?
What role do growth factors play in mitosis and cell division?
What role do growth factors play in mitosis and cell division?
If a cell with 20 chromosomes undergoes mitosis, how many chromosomes will each daughter cell have?
If a cell with 20 chromosomes undergoes mitosis, how many chromosomes will each daughter cell have?
Why is accurate chromosome segregation critical during mitosis?
Why is accurate chromosome segregation critical during mitosis?
Flashcards
Mitosis
Mitosis
A process organisms use to reproduce cells and ensure genetic information is passed to new generations, critical for growth, repair, and maintaining life.
Mitosis & Growth
Mitosis & Growth
Allows multicellular organisms to grow by increasing cell number, leading to tissue and organ expansion.
Mitosis & Repair
Mitosis & Repair
Replaces damaged or dead cells in tissues, constantly replenishing cells like skin and blood.
Mitosis in Single-Celled Organisms
Mitosis in Single-Celled Organisms
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Mitosis & Genetics
Mitosis & Genetics
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Interphase
Interphase
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Prophase
Prophase
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Metaphase
Metaphase
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Anaphase
Anaphase
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Telophase
Telophase
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Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis
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Study Notes
- Mitosis is a process to reproduce cells and ensure genetic information is passed on.
- Mitosis is critical for growth, repair, and maintaining life.
- Mitosis ensures that each new daughter cell has the same number and type of genes as the parent cell.
Purpose of Mitosis
- Allows multicellular organisms to grow by increasing the number of cells.
- Tissues and organs expand in size as cells divide.
- Replaces damaged or dead cells in tissues.
- Skin and blood cells are replenished through mitosis.
- The method of asexual reproduction in unicellular organisms like bacteria and amoebas.
- The parent cell divides into two identical daughter cells, creating new organisms during Single-Celled organism reproduction.
Interphase
- The phase of the cell cycle before mitosis, also known as cell division.
- Period of growth, DNA replication, and preparation for cell division.
Stages of mitosis
Prophase
- Chromosomes condense and become visible as X-shaped structures.
- The nuclear membrane begins to break down.
- Spindle fibers start forming from the centrosomes.
- Chromosomes prepare for alignment.
Metaphase
- Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell (at the metaphase plate).
- Spindle fibers attach to the centromeres of the chromosomes.
- Chromosomes are aligned and ready to separate.
Anaphase
- Spindle fibers pull the sister chromatids apart to opposite sides of the cell.
- Each chromatid becomes an individual chromosome.
- Chromosomes are moving away from each other.
Telophase
- Chromosomes reach opposite ends of the cell and begin to uncoil.
- Nuclear membranes reform around each set of chromosomes.
- The cell starts to pinch in the middle, preparing for division.
- Two new nuclei are formed.
Cytokinesis
- The final stage of cell division where the cytoplasm of the parent cell divides, creating two separate daughter cells.
- It happens after mitosis or meiosis.
Key Events
- Prophase involves chromosomes condensing and nuclear membrane dissolving.
- Metaphase involves chromosomes aligning in the center.
- Anaphase involves sister chromatids getting pulled apart.
- Telophase involves two new nuclei forming, and the beginning of cytokinesis.
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