Questions and Answers
What is binary fission?
Process by which bacteria divide to produce two genetically identical daughter cells.
What is mitosis?
Process by which somatic cells divide to produce 2 genetically identical daughter cells.
What is regeneration?
Process by which some organisms can reproduce entire limbs or genetically identical individuals from fragments of their body using mitosis.
What is asexual reproduction?
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What is interphase?
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What occurs during prophase?
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What are sister chromatids?
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What happens during metaphase?
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What occurs during anaphase?
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What is telophase?
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What is cytokinesis?
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What is a cell plate?
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What is a cleavage furrow?
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What are spindle fibers?
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What are centrioles?
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Study Notes
Cell Division and Reproduction Concepts
- Binary Fission: Bacterial division process resulting in two identical daughter cells.
- Mitosis: Somatic cell division producing two genetically identical daughter cells.
- Asexual Reproduction: Reproduction involving a single parent, offspring are clones of the parent.
Regenerative Processes
- Regeneration: Ability of certain organisms to regrow limbs or produce identical individuals from body fragments via mitosis.
Cell Cycle Stages
- Interphase: Phase between divisions; cells grow and replicate DNA.
Mitosis Stages
- Prophase: Nuclear envelope disintegrates; chromosomes become visible.
- Metaphase: Sister chromatids align at the cell's equator.
- Anaphase: Sister chromatids are pulled apart towards opposite cell poles.
- Telophase: Nuclear envelopes reform around separated sets of chromosomes to create two nuclei.
Cytokinesis
- Cytokinesis: Final phase of mitosis; cytoplasm divides, yielding two new cells.
- Cell Plate: Structure in plants that supports the division of the cell wall during cytokinesis.
- Cleavage Furrow: Process in animal cells where the membrane pinches to form two separate cells.
Structural Components
- Sister Chromatids: Identical chromosomes joined at the centromere after DNA replication.
- Spindle Fibers: Microtubules that attach to sister chromatids and facilitate their movement during mitosis.
- Centrioles: Pair of structures in animal cells that serve as anchors for spindle fibers during division.
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Description
Test your understanding of mitosis and various asexual reproduction processes with these flashcards. Learn about binary fission, mitosis, and regeneration, and how these processes contribute to genetic continuity in organisms.