10 Questions
Shown is the structure of a mitochondrion with different compartments labeled. Which of the numbers represents the most permeable membrane of the mitochondrion?
3
Protons are pumped across the mitochondrial inner membrane to accumulate in the
intermembrane space.
The low redox potential of NADH means that it has a
tendency to give up electrons.
Which of the following has the lowest electron affinity?
NADH dehydrogenase complex
In oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria, high-energy electrons are transferred to the electron-transport chain from activated carriers like NADH. Stage 1 of photosynthesis also uses an electron-transport chain to pump protons and make ATP. In this case, where do the high-energy electrons come from?
chlorophyll
Shown is a chloroplast with labeled structures. The photosynthetic machinery is found in which of the compartments shown?
thylakoid membrane
Which of the following statements regarding signal transduction cascades is FALSE?
Second messengers relay signals from the plasma membrane to the cell’s interior
The proton flow through the transmembrane H+ carrier of ATP synthase results in
mechanical rotation that is converted into the chemical-bond energy of ATP.
Cyclin(s) _________.
levels fluctuate during the cell cycle
The pH of the mitochondrial matrix is ___________, which is ___________ than that of the intermembrane space.
7.9; higher
Study Notes
Mitochondrion Structure
- The mitochondrial inner membrane is the most permeable membrane of the mitochondrion.
Electron Transport Chain
- High-energy electrons are transferred to the electron-transport chain from activated carriers like NADH in oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria.
- The low redox potential of NADH means that it has a high energy level.
Photosynthesis
- Stage 1 of photosynthesis uses an electron-transport chain to pump protons and make ATP.
- In photosynthesis, high-energy electrons come from light energy.
Chloroplast Structure
- The photosynthetic machinery is found in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast.
Signal Transduction Cascades
- One of the false statements regarding signal transduction cascades is not specified.
ATP Synthesis
- The proton flow through the transmembrane H+ carrier of ATP synthase results in the generation of ATP.
Cell Cycle Regulation
- Cyclin(s) regulate the cell cycle.
Mitochondrial Matrix
- The pH of the mitochondrial matrix is alkaline, which is higher than that of the intermembrane space.
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