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Mitochondrial Disorders

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Questions and Answers

Which organelle is the only location of extra-chromosomal DNA within the cell?

Mitochondria (correct)

Nucleus

Endoplasmic reticulum

Golgi apparatus

What is the size of the human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in base pairs?

16,569 bp (correct)

10,000 bp

20,000 bp

30,000 bp

How many mtDNA molecules are present in each human cell?

Hundreds (correct)

Millions

Thousands

Tens

What is the role of human mtDNA in protein synthesis?

Encodes 13 of the 89 subunits of the mitochondrial respiratory chain Signup and view all the answers

How is mitochondrial genetics different from Mendelian genetics?

Uniparental inheritance of disease mutations Signup and view all the answers

How many copies of mtDNA are present in each mitochondrion?

Two to 10 Signup and view all the answers

How is mtDNA inherited?

Maternally Signup and view all the answers

What is heteroplasmy?

A mixture of mutant and normal mtDNAs Signup and view all the answers

Do mtDNA recombine?

No Signup and view all the answers

What is replicative segregation in relation to mtDNA?

The process of giving pure genotypes of mtDNA during division Signup and view all the answers