20 Questions
What is the characteristic of mitochondria that suggests they originated from bacteria?
Having two distinct membranes
What is the function of the enzymes in the inner mitochondrial membrane?
Carrying out ATP production
Where is the mitochondrial DNA located?
In the matrix
What is the term for the highly folded inner membrane of mitochondria?
Cristae
What is the primary function of mitochondria in the cell?
Producing energy currency (ATP)
What is the site for material exchange between the mitochondria and the cytoplasm?
Intermembrane space
What is the role of mitochondria in apoptosis?
To release cytochrome C and initiate a chain of reactions that ends with cell death
How do enzymes lower the activation energy of a reaction?
By binding with the substrate and forming an enzyme-substrate complex
What is the result of meiosis in sexually reproducing organisms?
Gametes with half the genetic information of the parents
What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?
Mitosis produces genetically identical cells while meiosis produces genetically diverse cells
What is the function of an antheridium in plants?
To store and produce sperm cells
What is a characteristic of Bryophytes?
They are non-vascular plants without xylem and phloem systems
What is the term for the process by which ferns reproduce?
Alternation of generations
What is the purpose of water in fern reproduction?
To allow sperm cells to swim to the egg
What is the result of fertilization in ferns?
Development of a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes
What is the number of chromosomes in the gametes produced during meiosis?
Haploid (n)
What is the purpose of crossing over during prophase I of meiosis?
To increase genetic variation
What is the term for the process by which cells multiply?
Cell cycle
What is the stage of the cell cycle where DNA synthesis and duplication occur?
S
What is the result of endoreplication?
Retention of four copies of each chromosome in the non-dividing cell
Learn about the structure and function of mitochondria, double membraned organelles found in eukaryotic cells like human body cells. Explore how mitochondria are suspected to have originated from bacteria due to their unique double membrane structure.
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