Mitochondria in Eukaryotic Cells

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What is the characteristic of mitochondria that suggests they originated from bacteria?

Having two distinct membranes (correct)

Having a single membrane

Having a fixed shape

Being found in the nucleus

What is the function of the enzymes in the inner mitochondrial membrane?

Breaking down food

Carrying out ATP production (correct)

Storing genetic information

Regulating cell growth

Where is the mitochondrial DNA located?

In the cytoplasm

In the outer membrane

In the matrix (correct)

In the intermembrane space

What is the term for the highly folded inner membrane of mitochondria?

Cristae Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of mitochondria in the cell?

Producing energy currency (ATP) Signup and view all the answers

What is the site for material exchange between the mitochondria and the cytoplasm?

Intermembrane space Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of mitochondria in apoptosis?

To release cytochrome C and initiate a chain of reactions that ends with cell death Signup and view all the answers

How do enzymes lower the activation energy of a reaction?

By binding with the substrate and forming an enzyme-substrate complex Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of meiosis in sexually reproducing organisms?

Gametes with half the genetic information of the parents Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?

Mitosis produces genetically identical cells while meiosis produces genetically diverse cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of an antheridium in plants?

To store and produce sperm cells Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of Bryophytes?

They are non-vascular plants without xylem and phloem systems Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which ferns reproduce?

Alternation of generations Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of water in fern reproduction?

To allow sperm cells to swim to the egg Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of fertilization in ferns?

Development of a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes Signup and view all the answers

What is the number of chromosomes in the gametes produced during meiosis?

Haploid (n) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of crossing over during prophase I of meiosis?

To increase genetic variation Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which cells multiply?

Cell cycle Signup and view all the answers

What is the stage of the cell cycle where DNA synthesis and duplication occur?

S Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of endoreplication?

Retention of four copies of each chromosome in the non-dividing cell Signup and view all the answers