Mite Diseases: Mange Overview
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Questions and Answers

What type of disease is Canine demodicosis primarily associated with?

  • Viral infection leading to weight loss
  • Parasitic infestation of the skin
  • Inflammation and swelling of hair follicles (correct)
  • Bacterial infection caused by Streptococcus pyogenes

    • Which characteristic is unique to the genus Cheyletiella?

  • Only larval stages are parasitic
  • Palpal claws used for movement (correct)
  • Presence of elongated body sections
  • Podosoma and opisthoma differentiation

    • What is a major consequence of a Dermanyssus infestation in birds?

  • Hematophagous feeding leading to anemia (correct)
  • Weight gain and enhanced appetite
  • Reproductive success in spring
  • Excessive feather growth

    • Which of the following statements is true about Neotrombicula autumnalis?

    <p>Only larval stages are parasitic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What disease is caused by the mite species Varroa destructor?

    <p>Deformed wing virus in honey bees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which species is responsible for causing sarcoptic mange in humans and most animals?

    <p>Sarcoptes scabei</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the infective stage for Sarcoptes scabei?

    <p>Nymphs or fertilized females</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following diseases is associated with the genus Psoroptes?

    <p>Psoroptic mange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key morphological difference between Sarcoptes and Psoroptes mites?

    <p>Psoroptes has suckers with 3 jointed appendixes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do Sarcoptes mites primarily reside on their host?

    <p>Epidermis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which species primarily causes otodectic mange in cats?

    <p>Octodectes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symptom is NOT typically associated with psoroptic mange?

    <p>Scabbing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following mites is known for affecting the beak, feathers, and legs of birds?

    <p>Knemidocoptes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary function of the arthropod exoskeleton?

    <p>Provides rigidity and muscle insertion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes complete metamorphosis in arthropods?

    <p>Egg → larvae → pupal stage → adult</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structures are located inside the arthropod cuticle?

    <p>Microtrichia and setae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of dioecious organisms in arthropods?

    <p>They have separate male and female sexes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of an arthropod is responsible for sensory functions and grasping food?

    <p>Head</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stage of the Sarcoptes scabei life cycle is responsible for causing infection?

    <p>Nymphs or fertilised females</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature distinguishes the morphology of Psoroptes ovis from Sarcoptes scabei?

    <p>Pointed capitulum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do Demodex mites primarily reside on their host?

    <p>Hair follicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which non-mange producing mite is known to have nocturnal feeding habits?

    <p>Dermanyssus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of the infectious stage of Neotrombicula autumnalis?

    <p>Only larval stages are parasitic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the chelicerae of Octodectes mites?

    <p>No jointed appendix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of organisms primarily suffer from psoroptic mange?

    <p>Ungulates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which part of the body does the Sarcoptes mite predominantly cause infection?

    <p>Epidermis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of arachnids?

    <p>Wings present</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What disease is caused by Cheyletiella blackei in cats?

    <p>Walking dandruff</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key distinction between Mallophaga and Anoplura in terms of morphology?

    <p>Mallophaga have a head equal in width to the thorax.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following feeding habits is characteristic of Siphonaptera?

    <p>Direct access to blood vessels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which genus is specifically known to be a vector for Dipylidium caninum in dogs?

    <p>Trichodectes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What lifecycle characteristic is notable in fleas (Siphonaptera)?

    <p>Immature stages compose 5% of the total population.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic distinguishes female flies from males in the context of blood feeding?

    <p>Only females are hematophagous.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the sensilium found in flea anatomy?

    <p>For sensory perception.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of halteres in adults flies?

    <p>To detect changes in body rotation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of metamorphosis do mosquitoes (Nematocera) undergo?

    <p>Holometabolous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a host for the mallophagan genera listed?

    <p>Xenopsylla</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which genus is NOT known for causing myiasis?

    <p>Phlebotomus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do fleas (Siphonaptera) survive in the absence of a host?

    <p>They can live for years without feeding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What denotes the life cycle stage where flies emerge from a cocoon?

    <p>Adult stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of semi-specific myiasis?

    <p>Eggs are laid in open wounds or ulcers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mosquito genus is primarily responsible for transmitting malaria?

    <p>Anopheles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic distinguishes females of the Culicidae family from males?

    <p>They have pilose antennae.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Gasterophilus intestinalis complete its life cycle?

    <p>Through ingestion of larvae by the host.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of myiasis is caused by Oestrus ovis?

    <p>Specific myiasis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which habitat do pupae of flies typically develop?

    <p>In soil.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of oral hooks in the larvae stage of flies?

    <p>To anchor them in the digestive tract.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of larvae stage is primarily responsible for causing myiasis?

    <p>Third-stage larvae.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is involved in detecting CO2, temperature, and vibrations in ticks?

    <p>Haller's organ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement correctly describes the life cycle of hard ticks?

    <p>All stages of hard ticks are parasitic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a distinguishing feature between hard ticks and soft ticks?

    <p>Hard ticks have a visible capitulum; soft ticks do not.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key characteristic of female soft ticks during reproduction?

    <p>They exhibit hyperprolific reproduction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following hosts does the genus Ornithodoros primarily transmit diseases from?

    <p>Mammals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of morphology, which of the following is unique to hard ticks?

    <p>Presence of a scutum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during the feeding process of lice?

    <p>They enter directly into blood vessels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the complete life cycle of hard ticks starting from an egg?

    <p>Egg → larvae → nymph → adults (male and female)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which species of Ixodes is known to transmit Lyme disease?

    <p>Ixodes ricinus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What anatomical feature distinguishes the class Insecta?

    <p>Three pairs of legs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a unique feature of lice compared to other insects?

    <p>They are permanent parasites.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do females of the genus Haematopinus reproduce?

    <p>By laying eggs called nits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major impact of parasitic ticks on their hosts?

    <p>Causing paralysis through toxin injection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines the feeding habit of lice that have solenophagous mouthparts?

    <p>They have a specialized means to directly puncture and feed from blood vessels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Mange-Producing Mites

    • Genus: Sarcoptes
      • Species: Sarcoptes scabei affects many animals, including humans
      • Disease: Sarcoptic mange
      • Infective stage: Nymphs or fertilized females (through direct contact or fomites)
    • Morphology:
      • Rounded body with setae and spines
      • Round capitulum (head)
      • Suckers on limbs (number and arrangement differ between sexes)
      • Pedicels on legs (number and arrangement differ between sexes)
    • Life cycle: Egg → larva → nymph stages (protonymph, deuteronymph, tritonymph) → adults
      • Males fertilize deuteronymphs, allowing females to lay eggs
    • Location: Epidermis (burrowing mite)
      • Females burrow into skin layers to lay eggs and feces
      • Larvae develop into nymphs, then adults
      • Males seek out deuteronymphs for fertilization

    Psoroptic Mites

    • Genus: Psoroptes
      • Species: Psoroptes ovis
      • Disease: Psoroptic mange
      • Infective stage: Adults
    • Morphology:
      • Longer legs than Sarcoptes
      • Pointed capitulum (head)
      • Suckers with three jointed appendixes
      • Males are shorter than females
    • Location:
      • Areas with wool or fur. ears are particularly vulnerable.
      • Uses mouthparts and chelicerae to damage skin and feed on lymph

    Otodectic Mites

    • Genus: Otodectes
      • Species: N/A
      • Disease: Otodectic mange
      • Infectious stage: N/A
    • Morphology:
      • Similar to Psoroptes but suckers have no jointed appendix and a less rounded capitulum
      • Feeds on lymph
    • Location: Ears (especially common in cats)

    Knemidocoptes Mites

    • Genus: Knemidocoptes
      • Species: N/A
      • Disease: N/A
    • Morphology: Similar to Sarcoptes with smaller feet
    • Location: beak, feathers, and legs of birds

    Demodex Mites

    • Genus: Demodex
      • Species: D. folliculorum, D. canis, D. bovis...
      • Disease: Demodicosis (e.g., canine demodicosis)

    Cheyletiella Mites

    • Genus: Cheyletiella
      • Species: Cheyletiella blackei (cats)
      • Known as: "walking dandruff mites"
    • Morphology: Palpal claws
    • Location: Wide range in various mammals

    Neotrombicula Mites

    • Genus: Neotrombicula
      • Species: Neotrombicula autumnalis
      • Parasitic stage: only larval stages (nymphs and adults not parasitic)
      • Common: Late summer/fall

    Non-Mange Producing Mites (Other Mites)

    • Genus: Dermanyssus
      • Species: Dermanyssus gallinae
      • Disease: Dermanyssus infestation/red mite infestation
      • Morphology: Gnathosoma; elongated maxipalps, spiracles (after coxa), Females are larger than males
      • Characteristics: Nocturnal, hematophagous (bites animals)
    • Genus: Varroa
      • Species: Varroa destructor
      • Disease: Varroosis
      • Species: Affects honey bees; vector of DWV

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    Description

    This quiz covers the essential information about mange-producing mites, focusing on the genera Sarcoptes and Psoroptes. Learn about their morphology, life cycle, and the diseases they cause in various animals, including humans. Test your knowledge on this important topic in parasitology.

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