Podcast Beta
Questions and Answers
What does hardness in minerals primarily measure?
Which of the following objects can be used to test the hardness of a mineral?
A mineral that scores 6.5 on Mohs Scale is classified as:
How is tenacity defined in relation to minerals?
Signup and view all the answers
Which term describes a mineral that bends but returns to its original shape?
Signup and view all the answers
Which statement about diamond is true?
Signup and view all the answers
Which property is NOT used to classify minerals?
Signup and view all the answers
In geological terms, what are rock-forming minerals?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is NOT a native mineral as defined in the text?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the chemical formula for olivine, a silicate mineral mentioned in the text?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following elements is NOT a common cation found in silicate minerals?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main difference between native minerals and silicate minerals?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is an example of an oxide mineral?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the chemical formula for quartz, a pure form of silicon dioxide?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the significance of industrial minerals?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following minerals is NOT mentioned as an example of an oxide mineral in the text?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Hardness (H)
- Measures mineral resistance to scratching
- A harder substance will scratch a softer one
- Mohs Scale of Hardness is widely used by geologists and engineers to distinguish between hard and soft minerals
- Hard minerals: scratch glass, cannot be scratched with a knife blade or masonry nail
- Soft minerals: do not scratch glass, can be scratched with a knife blade or masonry nail
Tenacity
- Measures resistance of a mineral to breakage
- Minerals can be brittle (shatters like glass), elastic (bends but returns to its original shape), or malleable (bent permanently into new shapes)
- Examples: gold is malleable, diamond is very brittle
Other Properties
- Reaction to acid
- Magnetism
- Specific Gravity (SG)
- Feel
- Smell
- Taste
Classification of Minerals
- Rock-forming minerals: make up most of Earth’s crust
- Industrial minerals: main non-fuel raw materials used to sustain industrialized societies
- Classified into chemical classes:
- Native minerals: single-element minerals, elements in pure form, not combined with different elements
- Examples: graphite, copper, sulphur, gold, silver
- Silicate minerals:
- Predominant group in terms of abundance in crust and mantle
- Composed of SiO4 Tetrahedrons and Cations: K+, Na+, Ca+2, Mg+2, Fe+2 or Al+3
- Examples: quartz, olivine, potassium feldspar, kaolinite
- Oxide minerals:
- Contain oxygen combined with a metal (except for silicates)
- Examples: hematite, magnetite, corundum
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Learn about the Mohs Scale of Hardness, a measure of mineral resistance to scratching, and how to distinguish between hard and soft minerals.
