Ropes knots and anchors
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary method of communication used by mine rescue team members?

  • Whistles and horns
  • Electronic devices, such as phones or intrinsically safe radios (correct)
  • Hand signals and gestures
  • Written notes and messages

    • What is the signal for 'Retreat' in the Standard Code of Signals?

  • Four
  • Three
  • One
  • Five (correct)

    • Who gives the signal to rest or stop if in motion?

  • Team Captain
  • Only underground team members
  • Any team member
  • Vice-Captain (correct)

    • What is the purpose of the whistle carried by surface team members?

    <p>For secondary communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the signal for 'Distress' in the Standard Code of Signals?

    <p>Three</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the AnimatedKnots.Com reference in the manual?

    <p>To illustrate various knot-tying techniques for rescue operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the manual, which company provides information on cartridges for dry chemical fire extinguishers?

    <p>ANSUL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of the Saskatchewan Mine Emergency Response Program?

    <p>Mine rescue and emergency response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization publishes guidelines for electrical safety in mines?

    <p>Canadian Standards Association</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary topic of the Operation Recharge Inspection and Maintenance Manual?

    <p>Cartridge dry chemical fire extinguishers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of tool is used to extend reach or exert extra force on an object?

    <p>Pushing, pulling, and lifting tools</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of hydraulic jack?

    <p>To exert extra force on an object</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following tools is not classified as a hazardous atmosphere and spill tool?

    <p>Power generators</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of rope rescue equipment?

    <p>To assist in rescue operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following tools is not classified as a prying and spreading tool?

    <p>Cutting torches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum pressure at which acetylene can be safely stored and transported?

    <p>1,700 kPa (250 psi)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the explosive range of acetylene?

    <p>2.8%–81%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of acetylene on humans?

    <p>It can displace oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chemical symbol for ammonia?

    <p>NH₃</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the explosive range of ammonia?

    <p>16%–25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of ice is considered the strongest form of ice?

    <p>Clear or natural ice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when a vehicle travels on ice?

    <p>It creates a resonance wave in the underlying water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should the thickness of the ice be tested?

    <p>Frequently in various locations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be reduced by at least 15% when traveling on river or lake ice?

    <p>Load</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can affect the ability of the ice to support a load?

    <p>Cracks in the ice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the Rope Ascension technique?

    <p>To ascend a rope, often in conjunction with rope rescue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of knot is used to join two ropes together?

    <p>Sheet Bend</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of an Anchor Point?

    <p>To provide a specific point on a structure or device that can be used as an anchor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the Pickoff technique?

    <p>To rescue a person suspended in a rope system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of anchor is man-made and can be placed in a variety of locations?

    <p>Artificial Anchor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the Figure Eight knot?

    <p>To prevent a rope from running out of a pulley or anchor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of rescue technique is used in confined spaces?

    <p>Ladder Rescue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of an Anchor System?

    <p>To create a secure system for rescue or access</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the Bowline knot?

    <p>To create a secure loop at the end of a rope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is critical to the safety of the rescue?

    <p>The strength of the anchor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary proportion of nitrogen in dry air at sea level?

    <p>78.09%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of gases released from thermal water on human health?

    <p>It can lead to oxygen displacement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why mine air may be contaminated with other gases?

    <p>All of the above.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of oxygen displacement by inert gases in mine air?

    <p>It can displace oxygen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of adequate positive ventilating currents in mines?

    <p>To prevent accumulation of harmful gases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum percentage of oxygen required in the atmosphere at the workplace?

    <p>19.5%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of a reduction from normal oxygen levels on human physiology?

    <p>It increases fatigue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chemical symbol for propane?

    <p>C₃H₈</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the explosive range of propane?

    <p>2.4%–9.5%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the standard substance used to measure the relative density of gases?

    <p>Air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when propane vapour escapes and accumulates in low places?

    <p>It creates a flammable mixture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pH of a basic or alkaline substance?

    <p>Above 7</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the explosive range of a gas or vapour in air?

    <p>LEL and UEL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of measuring airborne particulate concentrations?

    <p>To monitor air quality and potential health risks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of air?

    <p>It is colourless, odourless, tasteless, and flammable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of increased nitrogen levels in the atmosphere?

    <p>Asphyxiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of nitrogen dioxide in high concentrations?

    <p>Reddish brown colour</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of inhaling nitrogen dioxide in high concentrations?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum concentration of nitrogen dioxide that can cause immediate throat irritation?

    <p>60 PPM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a property of oxygen gas?

    <p>Colourless, odourless, and tasteless</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the explosive range of Methane?

    <p>5%–15%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of MAPP gas?

    <p>It is colourless and odourless.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is methane typically formed?

    <p>By the decomposition of organic matter in the presence of water and the absence of oxygen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential effect of methane on humans?

    <p>It causes an oxygen-deficient atmosphere.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of nitrogen gas?

    <p>It is colourless, odourless, tasteless and inert.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Mine Rescue Foundations

    • Manual encompasses mine rescue principles, techniques, and equipment necessary for effective emergency response.
    • Various authoritative references guide operational standards, including manuals from Manitoba, Alberta, and Saskatchewan.

    Team Structure and Communication

    • Nine-team rotation approach is used to optimize rest during mine emergencies.
    • Strict discipline is mandatory for mine rescue team members, adhering to Team Captain instructions.
    • Primary communication employs electronic devices; whistles serve as a secondary method for surface teams.
    • Standardized signals established for team coordination include various distress and attention cues.

    Acetylene Gas Handling

    • Acetylene is stored in porous material saturated with acetone, allowing safe transport at pressures of up to 1,700 kPa (250 psi).
    • The explosive range of acetylene is between 2.8% to 81%, with specific hazards concerning copper alloys.

    Ammonia Characteristics

    • Ammonia is a colorless, pungent gas with an explosive range of 16% to 25%.
    • It is produced from nitrogen and hydrogen reaction in the presence of a catalyst.
    • High concentrations can be hazardous, detectable at levels as low as 1 to 50 ppm.

    Common Tools in Mine Rescue Operations

    • Rotating Tools: Include wrenches, screwdrivers, and pliers for assembly and disassembly tasks.
    • Pushing and Pulling Tools: Comprise pike poles, chains, and hydraulic jacks for exerting force or extending reach.
    • Prying Tools: Used to gain access, including pry bars and hydraulic spreaders.
    • Striking Tools: Include axes, hammers, and mallets for applying impact force.
    • Cutting Tools: Such as chainsaws, hacksaws, and cutting torches used for severing objects.

    Hazardous Atmosphere Management

    • Tools for hazardous materials include gas detectors, spill kits, and personal protective equipment (PPE).
    • Fire appliances necessary for suppression consist of extinguishers, hoses, and nozzles.

    Gas Detection and Safety

    • Rescue teams assess gas presence using various instruments, emphasizing safe distances from hazardous areas.
    • Recognized gases include nitrogen (78.09%), oxygen (20.94%), argon (0.94%), and carbon dioxide (0.03%).

    Oxygen Levels and Physiological Effects

    • Oxygen levels in the atmosphere must remain above 19.5% to prevent health risks.
    • Oxygen deficiency leads to symptoms including dizziness and confusion, with severe concentrations causing unconsciousness or death.

    Combustible Gases and Their Risks

    • Propane: Colorless and flammable with an explosive range of 2.4%–9.5%; poses asphyxiation risk due to its heavier vapour.
    • Methane: Colorless, with an explosive range of 5%–15%; monitoring is critical to ensure safety during potential releases.

    Environmental and Safety Protocols

    • Ice travel safety emphasizes checking thickness and condition frequently to avoid accidents.
    • Special care is mandated for gases stored under pressure, adhering to regulatory standards for transportation and storage.

    Effective Rescue Techniques

    • Techniques include rope rescue, ladder rescue, and basket rescue, utilizing various knots for secure operations.
    • Anchor systems, including natural and artificial anchors, are essential for safety in rescue assignments.

    Summary of Chemical Properties

    • Each gas presents unique characteristics and dangers; nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) have significant health effects, necessitating careful monitoring during rescue operations.

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    Related Documents

    Western Canada Mine Rescue Manual PDF

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