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Questions and Answers
What is a 'field identification'?
A procedure in which the suspect is presented singly to the witness.
What should officers consider prior to a field identification?
A suspect has the right to counsel at a field identification.
False
When should field identification occur?
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If a witness does not identify the suspect, what should happen next?
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What is an 'informal identification'?
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Informal identification procedures can be used when probable cause to arrest does not exist.
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What details should be documented during informal identification procedures?
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What must officers do to avoid suggestiveness during eyewitness identification?
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Why should officers advise witnesses of their rights prior to viewing a suspect?
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Study Notes
Field Identification
- A field identification is a procedure where a suspect is presented alone to a witness.
- Field identification can occur at the arrest location or at the witness' location.
- Field identifications should be conducted as soon as possible after arrest and consider the witness's mental state.
- If the witness doesn't identify the suspect, the officer may release the suspect, unless probable cause for an offense exists.
- Legal representation is not required for field identification.
- A medical emergency can justify field identification, even if the witness cannot be identified.
- Field identification should be conducted away from the crime scene to avoid evidence contamination.
- A written record of the field identification is required, including the location of the identification, lighting, distance of identification, witness names, suspect behavior, and remarks made by all present.
Informal Identification
- An informal identification occurs when an officer takes a witness to observe a suspect who is at liberty, with no probable cause for arrest.
- Records of informal identification procedures must be maintained.
- These records should include the observation date and time, location, the number of person observed that fit the suspect's description, the suspect's reaction to being observed, and the witness' reaction to seeing the suspect.
Lineups & Photo Displays
- Lineups and photo identification displays must occur according to guidelines set by the Criminal Investigations Division.
General Rules
- Eyewitness identifications should be conducted fairly, impartially, and without suggestiveness.
- Prior to viewing a suspect, victims or witnesses should be informed that:
- They are not obligated to identify anyone.
- They should not assume guilt based on custody or the presence of handcuffs.
- An eyewitness identification is not necessary when the witness could not identify the suspect.
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