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Questions and Answers
What is the pharmacological class of Milrinone (Primacor)?
Phosphodiesterase inhibitor
What is the therapeutic class of Milrinone (Primacor)?
Inotropics - vasodilator, Pregnancy Risk Class C
What are the actions/uses of Milrinone (Primacor)?
Short-term treatment of heart failure, inhibits phosphodiesterase leading to increased cAMP, positive inotropic response, and vasodilation.
Are there any significant interactions with Milrinone (Primacor)?
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What are the contraindications for Milrinone (Primacor)?
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What are the administration considerations for Milrinone (Primacor)?
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What is the toxicity/antidote information for Milrinone (Primacor)?
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What are the side/adverse effects of Milrinone (Primacor)?
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What nursing considerations should be taken into account when administering Milrinone (Primacor)?
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Study Notes
Milrinone (Primacor) Overview
- Pharmacological Class: Phosphodiesterase inhibitor
- Therapeutic Class: Inotropic agent and vasodilator; classified as Pregnancy Risk Class C
Actions and Uses
- Indicated for short-term treatment of heart failure, primarily in ICU settings
- Inhibits phosphodiesterase, increasing intracellular levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)
- Enhanced cAMP leads to:
- Positive inotropic effects, improving heart contractility
- Vasodilation, reducing preload and afterload on the heart
Administration Considerations
- Available only in injectable form
- Avoid injecting furosemide into IV lines with milrinone due to immediate precipitation risk
- If significant blood pressure drop occurs, slow or stop the infusion
- Continuous monitoring of EKG is required
Toxicity and Management
- No specific antidote is available for milrinone toxicity
- Excessive doses can cause hypotension due to vasodilation; may require dosage adjustment or temporary discontinuation until stabilization
Side and Adverse Effects
- Risk of dysrhythmias, particularly ventricular types (e.g., ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation)
- Potential side effects include hypotension, angina, hypokalemia, tremor, thrombocytopenia, and elevated liver enzymes
Nursing Considerations
- Essential to monitor heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), EKG patterns, renal function, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels, and vital signs (V/S)
- Pay attention to signs of adverse effects or toxicity, facilitating prompt response if necessary
Contraindications
- Not suitable for patients with known allergies, severe aortic or pulmonary valve disease, or heart rate issues due to diastolic dysfunction
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Description
Test your knowledge about Milrinone (Primacor) with these flashcards. This quiz covers its pharmacological class, therapeutic class, and actions/uses in clinical settings. Perfect for healthcare professionals and students in pharmacology.
