Military Law and Terrorism Overview

Questions and Answers

What are the types of Court Martial Proceedings?

Summary

General

Special

All of the above (correct)

What is the purpose of NJP proceedings?

To give the commander a means of good order and discipline in the unit while not unduly harming the career of the marine.

How does the Department of Defense define terrorism?

The calculated use of violence or threat of violence to inculcate fear, intended to coerce or intimidate government or societies.

What characterizes a transnational group?

It operates without regard to national boundaries and is not controlled by any state. Signup and view all the answers

What defines an international group?

A group that operates across national boundaries but is controlled by a sovereign state. Signup and view all the answers

What does a national group do?

Restricts its operation primarily to one country. Signup and view all the answers

When was the first amphibious landing?

March 3, 1776 at New Province Bahamas. Signup and view all the answers

Who was the first official Sergeant Major of the Marine Corps?

Sergeant Major Wilbur Bestwick. Signup and view all the answers

When was the rank of sergeant major created?

By the congressional act of July 11, 1798. Signup and view all the answers

Who was the first Sergeant Major?

Archibald Sommers. Signup and view all the answers

Who was the first marine awarded the Medal of Honor?

Corporal John F. Mackie. Signup and view all the answers

What was the recruiting slogan of World War I?

First to Fight. Signup and view all the answers

Where did the phrase 'Retreat? Hell, we just got here!' originate?

Battle of Belleau Wood. Signup and view all the answers

What battle is known for its notable Marine casualties and is referred to as the costliest to date?

Iwo Jima. Signup and view all the answers

What are the three developments that came from the Korean War?

Use of lightweight body armor, introduction to thermal boots, introduction of helicopters into a combat environment. Signup and view all the answers

What does the Marine Corps emblem represent?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

When is the Marine Corps's birthday?

November 10, 1775. Signup and view all the answers

What are traditions in the Marine Corps's birthday?

The cake cutting ceremony from oldest to youngest Marine and the reading of General John A. Lejeune's birthday message. Signup and view all the answers

When dismissed, __, and after the has been returned, take _ backward.

salute / salute / one step Signup and view all the answers

What is the required uniform when reporting to a new command?

Service Alpha. Signup and view all the answers

The first amphibious landing of WWII took place on _ at _.

7 August 1942 / Guadalcanal. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Marine Corps's policy regarding equal opportunity?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What battle was Pvt. Daniel J. Daly awarded the Medal of Honor for?

Boxer Rebellion. Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the I Marine Expeditionary Force?

Camp Pendleton, CA. Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the Second Marine Division?

Camp Lejeune, NC. Signup and view all the answers

The SPMAGTF is the fourth and normally largest type of MAGTF.

False Signup and view all the answers

Which is NOT an element of a MAGTF?

Motor Transportation Element Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Court Martial Proceedings

Summary Special: Specific types of court martial for severe violations.
General Court Martial: More serious offenses, can result in higher penalties.

NJP Proceedings

Non-Judicial Punishment (NJP) aims to maintain good order without severely impacting a Marine's career.

Terrorism

Defined by the Department of Defense as violence used to instill fear and intimidate entities for political, religious, or ideological goals.
Key elements: terrorist, victim, general public.

Transnational Groups

Operate across national lines without state control.
Example: Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) has conducted operations in various countries.

International Groups

Operate across borders but are controlled by a sovereign state, limiting their actions due to the state’s regulations.

National Groups

Focus primarily on activities and operations within a single country.

Historical Marine Events

First amphibious landing: New Providence, Bahamas on March 3, 1776 led by Captain Samuel Nichols.
First official Sergeant Major of the Marine Corps: Sergeant Major Wilbur Bestwick.
Creation of the rank of sergeant major: Congressional act on July 11, 1798.
Archibald Sommers appointed as the first sergeant major on January 1, 1801.

Medal of Honor

Corporal John F. Mackie became the first Marine to receive the Medal of Honor on May 15, 1862.

Marine Corps History

Recruiting slogan during WWI was “First to fight.”
Notable quote related to the Battle of Belleau Wood: "Retreat? Hell we just got here!" by Captain Lloyd Williams.
The Battle of Iwo Jima resulted in 26,000 Marine casualties; it is recognized as the largest and costliest amphibious landing.

Marine Corps Emblem

Created in 1868 by Brigadier General Jacob Zeilin, the emblem features:
- Eagle: symbolizes the nation.
- Globe: represents worldwide service.
- Anchor: signifies naval traditions.

Key Battles of WWII

Guadalcanal: The first amphibious landing in WWII.
The Battle of Tarawa: Notable for Japanese commander's statement on the difficulty of taking the island, despite Marines accomplishing it in 76 hours.
Okinawa marked the final great land offensive in the Pacific.

Vietnam War Involvement

The 9th Marine Expeditionary Brigade landed at Da Nang on March 8, 1965, marking the start of U.S. involvement in Vietnam.

Military Conduct and Procedures

POWs (Prisoners of War) must adhere to lawful rules established by captors.
Service members are expected to maintain military courtesy and discipline toward all POWs, regardless of their origin.

Marine Corps Traditions

The Marine Corps birthday is celebrated on November 10, 1775, with traditions including a cake-cutting ceremony honoring the oldest and youngest Marines present.

Uniform and Saluting Protocols

The Service Alpha is the required uniform when reporting to a new command.
Saluting occurs for all officers in all branches during formal interactions.

Hazing and Fraternization Policies

Hazing includes any cruel, abusive, humiliating, or oppressive conduct toward military members.
Fraternization policies prohibit inappropriate relationships to maintain professionalism within ranks.

Equal Opportunity and Motivation

The Marine Corps promotes equal opportunity based on individual merit and capability, free from discrimination.

Locations of Marine Commands

I Marine Expeditionary Force is located at Camp Pendleton, CA.
The Second Marine Division is based at Camp Lejeune, NC.

Organizational Structure

MAGTF (Marine Air Ground Task Force) consists of essential elements including Ground Combat, Air Combat, and Command Elements. Motor Transportation is not recognized as a separate element.

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Description

Explore the different types of court martial proceedings, including Summary Special and General Court Martial, as well as Non-Judicial Punishment. Additionally, gain insights into terrorism, transnational groups, and the historical context of Marine events. This quiz covers significant legal frameworks affecting military and anti-terror policies.