Milady's Chapter 7 Skin Flashcards

Questions and Answers

_________ is also known as acne vulgaris, a skin disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the sebaceous glands.

acne

What are arrector pili muscles?

Small, involuntary muscles that cause goosebumps.

What is a callus?

A thickening of the skin caused by continued pressure.

What is collagen?

A fibrous protein that gives the skin form and strength. Signup and view all the answers

A comedo is also known as __________.

blackhead Signup and view all the answers

What are dermal papillae?

Small cone-shaped elevations at the base of hair follicles. Signup and view all the answers

What does a dermatologist specialize in?

Diseases and disorders of the skin, hair, and nails. Signup and view all the answers

What is dermatology?

The medical branch that studies skin and its functions. Signup and view all the answers

The __________ is also known as derma, corium, or true skin.

dermis Signup and view all the answers

What is elastin?

A protein base similar to collagen that forms elastic tissue. Signup and view all the answers

The epidermal-dermal junction is located at the top of the ________ layer.

papillary Signup and view all the answers

What is the epidermis?

The outermost and thinnest layer of the skin. Signup and view all the answers

What does an esthetician specialize in?

Cleansing, beautification, and preservation of skin health. Signup and view all the answers

Eumelanin is a type of melanin that is dark brown to __________ in color.

black Signup and view all the answers

What is keratin?

A fibrous protein that is the principal component in hair and nails. Signup and view all the answers

What are melanocytes?

Cells that produce the dark skin pigment called melanin. Signup and view all the answers

What do motor nerve fibers do?

Carry impulses from the brain to the muscles. Signup and view all the answers

What is the papillary layer?

The outer layer of the dermis, directly beneath the epidermis. Signup and view all the answers

A papule is also known as a __________.

pimple Signup and view all the answers

What is pheomelanin?

A type of melanin that is red to yellow in color. Signup and view all the answers

What is a pustule?

A raised, inflamed papule containing pus. Signup and view all the answers

What is the reticular layer?

The deeper layer of the dermis that supplies skin with oxygen and nutrients. Signup and view all the answers

Sebaceous glands are also known as __________.

oil glands Signup and view all the answers

What is sebum?

A fatty or oily substance that lubricates the skin. Signup and view all the answers

What is a secretory coil?

The coiled base of the sudoriferous gland. Signup and view all the answers

What are secretory nerve fibers?

Fibers that regulate the excretion of perspiration. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Skin Disorders and Functions

Acne is a common skin disorder, also known as acne vulgaris, characterized by chronic inflammation of sebaceous glands due to retained secretions and the presence of Propionibacterium acnes bacteria.
Sebaceous Glands produce sebum, a fatty substance that lubricates the skin and keeps hair soft; these glands are connected to hair follicles.

Skin Anatomy

Dermis: Known as true skin, it consists of two main layers: the papillary layer and the reticular layer; it houses vital components such as blood vessels, fat cells, and glands.
Epidermis: The outermost, thinnest layer of skin, comprising five distinct strata: stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, and stratum germinativum.

Skin Structures

Arrector Pili Muscles: Small involuntary muscles found at the base of hair follicles, responsible for causing goosebumps.
Dermal Papillae: Cone-shaped elevations that support the hair follicle and provide nutrients.
Papillary Layer: The outer layer of the dermis that lies directly beneath the epidermis and contains nerve endings.

Skin Pigments and Proteins

Melanin: Pigment produced by melanocytes, influencing skin color; includes two types:
- Eumelanin: Dark brown to black, prevalent in darker-skinned individuals.
- Pheomelanin: Red to yellow, predominantly found in lighter-skinned individuals.
Keratin: A fibrous protein that forms hair and nails and is a significant component of skin structure.
Collagen: A fibrous protein that provides skin with strength and form.
Elastin: Similar to collagen, it forms elastic tissue, allowing skin to maintain its firmness and flexibility.

Skin Conditions

Comedo: A hair follicle filled with keratin and sebum, commonly referred to as a blackhead.
Papule: A small elevation on the skin, typically solid and fluid-free, which can develop into a pimple.
Pustule: An inflamed papule containing pus at its apex, often seen in acne.
Callus: Thickened skin resulting from repeated pressure, particularly on hands and feet.

Professional Roles

Dermatologist: A physician specializing in skin, hair, and nail disorders.
Esthetician: A specialist focused on skincare, beautification, and maintenance of skin health.

Nerve Fibers and Responses

Motor Nerve Fibers: Impulses from the brain to muscles, including those attached to hair follicles (arrector pili).
Sensory Nerve Fibers: Responsible for transmitting sensations from the skin to the brain.
Secretory Nerve Fibers: Regulate perspiration from sweat glands and control sebum flow, part of the autonomic nervous system.

Additional Terminology

Secretory Coil: The coiled base of a sweat gland, also referred to as the fundus.
Reticular Layer: The deeper layer of the dermis that provides nutrients and oxygen to the skin, containing glands, blood vessels, and nerve endings.

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Description

Test your knowledge on skin terminology and conditions with these flashcards from Milady's Chapter 7. Each card features key terms like acne, arrector pili muscles, and calluses along with their definitions. Perfect for students studying esthetics and skincare.