Milady Esthetics History and Careers
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Questions and Answers

Name and describe the two types of bacteria.

Pathogenic and Nonpathogenic.

Name and describe the three types of pathogenic bacteria.

Cocci, Bacilli, and Spirilla.

Which two bacteria are capable of movement and use slender, hair-like extensions called flagella?

Bacilli and Spirilla.

What are the two phases for bacterial growth?

<p>Active stage and Inactive stage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is MRSA?

<p>Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is binary fission?

<p>The division of bacterial cells into two new cells called daughter cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a local infection?

<p>An infection confined to a particular part of the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When a disease spreads from one person to another person, it is said to be a _________.

<p>Contagious disease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some common contagious diseases that prevent a salon or spa professional from servicing a client?

<p>Common cold, ringworm, conjunctivitis, viral infections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define virus.

<p>A parasitic submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in the cells of biological organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between viruses and bacteria?

<p>A virus requires other cells to reproduce, while bacteria can live and reproduce independently.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define occupational disease.

<p>An illness resulting from conditions associated with employment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a systemic disease?

<p>A disease that affects the body as a whole.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are bloodborne pathogens?

<p>Disease-causing microorganisms carried in the body by blood or body fluids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Are estheticians approved to cut any living skin?

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the doctor discovers that a patient has an inflamed liver, the doctor might suspect _________.

<p>Hepatitis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is HIV spread?

<p>Through blood and other body fluids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are microscopic plant parasites that include molds, mildews, and yeasts?

<p>Fungi.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What part of the body does tinea pedis affect?

<p>The feet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should you study history and career opportunities in esthetics?

<p>It is good to have a historical perspective on where we have been in order to know how far we have come. It is helpful to understand what materials used in early beauty preparations may have been instrumental in determining how materials are used today, such as in color formulations and cosmetics. To understand how culture can shape fashion and how it can bring about the necessity for change. To learn about the multiple options for career opportunities, and then expand your career upon them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

For what reason was grooming and skin care practiced in early times?

<p>Self-preservation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Simple but effective implements used at the dawn of history were shaped from _________.

<p>Sharpened flints, oyster shells, bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Egyptians used cosmetics for what reason?

<p>They used cosmetics as part of their personal beautification habits, for religious ceremonies, and preparing the deceased for burial.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is henna obtained from?

<p>It is a dye obtained from the powdered leaves and shoots of the mignonette tree.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were some of the earliest uses of henna?

<p>As a reddish hair dye and in tattooing, for adornment in ancient Egypt for body art and fingernails.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name some of the first pigments that Ancient Egyptians used as a coloring matter.

<p>Kohl for eye makeup, Red oxide of iron for preparation of the face, Henna for a reddish tint on the hair.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Hebrew used cosmetics primarily for _________.

<p>Cleansing and maintenance of the skin, hair, teeth, and overall bodily health.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Hebrew used _________.

<p>Olive oils and grape seed oils to moisten and protect the skin. Hyssop for cleansing. Cinnamon balms to keep in body heat. Myrrh in powder form to repel fleas, in tincture form for oral hygiene. Pomegranate was used as an antiseptic and was helpful in expelling intestinal worms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The words cosmetic and cosmetology come from _________.

<p>The Greek word kosmetikos, meaning 'skilled in use of cosmetics'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How was beauty determined in ancient Greece?

<p>By how one looked when naked. The Greeks viewed the body as a temple.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Greeks used olive oil and sandpaper for what reason?

<p>To regulate their body temperature and to protect themselves from the sun.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the first modern cosmetic compound?

<p>Cold cream.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What therapies were practiced during the ancient Roman times?

<p>Steam therapy, body scrubs, massage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Romans applied rich oils and other preparations for?

<p>To keep their skin healthy and attractive.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Romans were famous for?

<p>Their baths, which were magnificent public buildings with separate sections for men and women.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What standards of beauty did the Asians believe in?

<p>The Asians blended nature, animal, and self into sophisticated and elaborate culture that adhered to high standards of grooming and appearance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Chinese aristocrats rubbed what mixtures into their nails?

<p>Tinted mixture of gum arabic, gelatin, beeswax, and egg whites to turn them crimson or ebony.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Since ancient times, Africans have created remedies and grooming aids from?

<p>Materials found in their natural environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the Middle Ages, what played a prominent role in people's lives?

<p>Religion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristics describe the beauty scene during the Middle Ages?

<p>Tapestries, sculptures, and other artifacts from this period show towering headdresses, intricate hairstyles, and the use of cosmetics on skin and hair. Women wore colored makeup on their cheeks and lips, but not on their eyes. Bathing was not a daily ritual; those who could afford them used fragrant oils.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When did Western civilization make the transition from medieval to modern history?

<p>During the Renaissance period.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the most unusual practice during the Renaissance?

<p>Shaving or tweezing the eyebrows and the hairline to show greater expanse of forehead.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What best describes the beauty practice for the Renaissance period?

<p>Fragrances and cosmetics were used, but highly colored preparation for lips, cheeks, and eyes were discouraged. Hair was dressed and adorned with ornaments or headdresses. Women used bleach to make their hair blond - the sign of beauty.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Age of Extravagance was during what time-period?

<p>When Marie Antoinette was the queen of France from 1755-1793.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What best describes the characteristics of beauty rituals during the Age of Extravagance?

<p>Lips and cheeks were often brightly colored in pink and orange shades. Small silk patches were used to decorate the face or to conceal blemishes. Some hairstyles extended high into the air, using elaborate wire cages with springs to adjust the height.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was used for bathing purposes by women of status during the Age of Extravagance?

<p>Strawberries and milk.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was greatly valued during the time of The Victorian Age?

<p>Modesty.</p> Signup and view all the answers

To preserve skin health and beauty during the Victorian Age, women used beauty masks and packs made from _________.

<p>Honey, eggs, milk, oatmeal, fruits, vegetables and other natural ingredients.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe one characteristic of each period that best describes it and show the difference in between the periods of the history.

<p>During the Renaissance: highly colored preparations for lips, cheeks, and eyes were discouraged. During the Age of Extravagance: lips and cheeks were often brightly colored. During the Victorian Age: makeup and showy clothing were discouraged except in the theatre.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the 1920s:

<p>Americans use of cosmetics was influenced by movie stars.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Twentieth Century brought about _________.

<p>Retin-A, Botox, AHA, BHA, Tretinoin, Renova, Differin, Adapelene, cosmeceuticals, pharmaceuticals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is nanotechnology?

<p>The art of manipulating materials on an atomic or molecular scale. By changing the chemistry of product ingredients and breaking them into smaller units, nanotechnology is the rejuvenation of the older tried-and-true ingredients into new ones with higher potency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a cosmeceutical?

<p>A cosmetic with therapeutic properties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Estheticians _________.

<p>Deal with the overall health and well-being of the skin. Provide care and treatment to keep the skin healthy. May manufacture cosmetics. Detect skin problems that may require medical attention.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Career options for estheticians include work in _________.

<p>Department stores.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Medical esthetics ________.

<p>Involves the integration of surgical procedures and aesthetic treatments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Estheticians need to have excellent life skills in order to ________.

<p>Be successful in this people-oriented business.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name the guidelines for success.

<p>Build self-esteem. Visualize your success. Build on your strengths. Learn from your mistakes. Define success for yourself. Practice your presentation skills. Develop good networking skills. Keep your personal life separate from work. Keep your energy up. Respect others. Stay productive.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Procrastination means _________.

<p>Putting off until tomorrow what you can do today.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Perfectionism means _________.

<p>Unhealthy compulsion to do things perfectly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

One of the important rules for success in esthetic school is to _________.

<p>Have all materials ready, attentively listen to your instructor and take notes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The best motivation to stay on track with your school work comes from ________.

<p>An inner desire to grow your skills as a professional.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In order to be able to solve problems and generate new ideas an esthetician should _________.

<p>Possess a creative mind.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a mission statement?

<p>It is a plan which establishes the values that an individual or institution live and work by.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is considered a long-term goal?

<p>They are measured in the larger section of time, such as 2 years, 5 years, 10 years, or even longer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a short-term goal?

<p>They are usually those you wish to accomplish within a year at the most. Example: getting through a midterm exam or completing esthetics school.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are ethics? Give an example of ethics in action.

<p>Moral principles by which we live and work. Good character, proper conduct, and moral judgment expressed through personality and human relations skills are ethics in action.</p> Signup and view all the answers

To prioritize means to ________.

<p>Make a list of tasks that need to be done in the order of most-to-least important.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in establishing credibility?

<p>Obtaining the appropriate state license or certificate to practice esthetics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Attitude _________.

<p>Can be defined as your outlook and it underlines the way you live.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is personal hygiene?

<p>The daily maintenance of cleanliness and healthfulness through certain sanitary practices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name the basics of personal hygiene:

<p>Daily bathing or showering, shaving for men, and freshening up throughout the day as necessary. Shampooing, conditioning, and styling your hair as required to keep it fresh, clean, and contemporary. Following a regular skin care regimen. Brushing and flossing your teeth, as well as using mouthwash or breath mints throughout the day as needed. Using underarm deodorant or antiperspirant. Washing your hands throughout the day, as required, such as when beginning and ending a service or after visiting the bathroom. Avoiding the use of heavy perfumes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it very important for an esthetician to take care of their nails?

<p>Nails that are too long or pointed can scratch the client's skin and interfere with the esthetician's work.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should you take care of your nails?

<p>Keep fingernails and toenails clean, trimmed, and filed. Take care of hangnails immediately.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When wearing makeup, what is generally the best look for an esthetician?

<p>A clean, natural look.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is ergonomics?

<p>The science of designing the workplace, its equipment, and tools to make specific body movements more comfortable, efficient, and safe.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name the guidelines for correct standing posture.

<p>Keep the neck elongated and balanced directly above the shoulders. Lift your upper body so that your chest is out and up (do not slouch). Hold your shoulders level and relaxed, not scrunched up. Keep your back straight. Pull your abdomen in so that it is flat. Flex your knees slightly and position them over your feet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name the guidelines for correct sitting posture.

<p>Keep your back straight. Keep the soles of your feet entirely on the floor. Do not cross your legs or your feet at the ankles. Do not bend forward from the waist or stoop forward from the shoulders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is communication?

<p>The act of successfully sharing information between two people, or groups of people, so that it is effectively understood.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name 3 positive nonverbal clues.

<p>A pleasant tone of voice. An even rate of speech. Good eye contact.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name 3 negative nonverbal clues.

<p>A loud and overpowering voice. Rapid and jumbled speech. A soft and unassertive voice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another name for an intake form?

<p>Client questionnaire or consultation form.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should a client sign a consent form?

<p>A customary written agreement between the client and esthetician for applying a particular treatment, and should be used prior to more aggressive skin care treatments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name the 10 step consultation method.

<p>Review the intake form. Assess your client's personal goals and objectives. Ask your client what skin care products she is currently using. Ask your client about her career and personal lifestyle. Review the various treatment options. Suggest a treatment based on factors like lifestyle, skin type, and skin conditions. Stress to clients that overexposure to the sun can lead to skin damage. Counsel every client on proper skin care and a regular schedule of salon treatment. Reiterate everything that you have agreed upon.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should client consultations be performed with as much privacy as possible?

<p>To avoid a possible breach of confidentiality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name some guidelines for handling difficult people.

<p>Respect professional boundaries. Keep conversation on a professional level. Do not give personal or health advice. Post rules in a visible place. Be assertive but respectful. Learn to censor your dialogue, and think before you speak. Practice positive communication skills such as active listening. Use positive body language. Give the client the opportunity to vent without interrupting. Use language that evokes a positive response. Be clear. Acknowledge concerns and state how you can address them. Compliment coworkers, managers, or bosses for a job that is well done.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do you exercise by not 'picking a side' in conflict?

<p>Neutrality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is reflective listening?

<p>Listening to the client and then repeating, in your own words, what you think the client is telling you.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define infection control.

<p>The method used to eliminate or reduce the transmission of infectious organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name the four types of potentially harmful organisms.

<p>Bacteria, fungi, viruses, parasites.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is OSHA?

<p>The Occupational Safety and Health Administration that was created as part of the U.S. Department of Labor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does OSHA regulate?

<p>To regulate and enforce safety and health standards to protect employees in the workplace.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is MSDS?

<p>Material Safety Data Sheet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is MSDS for?

<p>It is supplied by the manufacturer for all products sold. It contains information compiled about product safety including the names of hazardous ingredients, safe handling and use procedures, precautions to reduce the risk of accidental harm or overexposure, and flammability warnings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must every employee in the salon do after reading each MSDS that comes into the salon?

<p>Verify having read the MSDS sign-off sheet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name and describe the two types of disinfectants that are used in salons, spas, medical offices, and medi-spas.

<p>Hospital disinfectants are effective for cleaning blood and body fluids. They are used on any nonporous surface in the salon. Tuberculocidal disinfectants are proven to kill the bacteria that cause tuberculosis, which are capable of forming spores, making them difficult to kill.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does nonporous mean?

<p>An item is made or constructed of a material that has no pores or openings and cannot absorb liquids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define the term clean.

<p>A mechanical process (scrubbing) using detergent and water to remove all visible dirt, debris, and many disease-causing germs from tools, implements, and equipment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define the term disinfection.

<p>It destroys most, but not necessarily all, harmful organisms on environmental surfaces. It is not effective against bacterial spores.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Disinfections used in salons, spas, and medical facilities must be ________.

<p>Effective against a broad range of pathogens to ensure client safety.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Importance of Studying Esthetics History

  • Understanding historical perspectives informs current practices and innovations in esthetics.
  • Historical materials and techniques influence modern formulations and cosmetic industry evolution.
  • Cultural influences shape fashion and grooming trends, highlighting the need for adaptability in the field.
  • Awareness of diverse career options can enhance professional growth and opportunities in esthetics.

Early Practices

  • Early grooming and skincare focused on self-preservation.
  • Simple tools used included sharpened flints, oyster shells, and bones.

Egyptian Innovations

  • Egyptians utilized cosmetics for beautification, religious ceremonies, and burial preparation.
  • Henna, derived from mignonette tree leaves, served as a dye for hair and body adornment.
  • Ancient pigments included kohl for eyes, red iron oxide for face, and henna for hair tint.

Hebrew Practices

  • Cosmetics used for skin, hair, and overall health maintenance.
  • Utilized olive and grape seed oils, hyssop for cleansing, cinnamon balms for warmth, myrrh for hygiene, and pomegranate as an antiseptic.

Greek Standards

  • In ancient Greece, beauty was judged by the naked body, regarded as a temple.
  • Olive oil and sandpaper were used for body temperature regulation and sun protection.

Roman Contributions

  • Developed steam therapy, body scrubs, and massages to promote skin health.
  • Renowned for elaborate public baths, segregated by gender.

Asian Aesthetics

  • Emphasized integration of nature and self in grooming standards.
  • Chinese aristocrats used tinted mixtures for nail decoration.

Africa's Natural Remedies

  • Historic reliance on indigenous materials for grooming practices.

Middle Ages Influence

  • Religion dominated societal roles; beauty depicted in artwork featuring elaborate hairstyles and cosmetics.
  • Daily bathing was uncommon, with fragrant oils used by the affluent.

Renaissance Transformation

  • Transition to modern history defined by increased cosmetic use and changed beauty standards.
  • Unusual practices included extreme hairline shaping to enhance forehead appearance.

Age of Extravagance

  • Marked by vivid cosmetics and elaborate hairstyles during Marie Antoinette's reign.
  • Bathing rituals included strawberries and milk.

Victorian Values

  • Promoted modesty; beauty masks made from natural ingredients emphasized skin health.

Twentieth Century Developments

  • Movie stars impacted cosmetic use trends in the 1920s.
  • Introduction of advanced skin treatments and products, including Retin-A and Botox.

Estheticians' Role

  • Focus on skin health and well-being; career options extend to retail and medical settings.
  • Medical esthetics merges surgical and aesthetic practices.

Success Guidelines

  • Emphasize self-esteem, visualization, and professional skills; practices effective time management and productivity.

Communication Skills

  • Effective communication is crucial, involving positive nonverbal cues and active listening.

Infection Control Practices

  • Essential understanding of infection control, emphasizing cleanliness and disinfectants in professional settings.
  • Differentiation between pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria; harmful microorganisms classified into cocci, bacilli, spirilla.

Safety Regulations

  • OSHA enforces health and safety standards in workplaces to protect employees.
  • MSDS provides product safety information and procedural guidelines.

Positioning and Ergonomics

  • Correct standing and sitting postures are crucial to prevent physical strain and injury.
  • Ergonomics aim to enhance comfort and efficiency in esthetic practices.

Reflective Listening and Neutrality

  • Reflective listening involves paraphrasing clients' concerns for understanding.
  • Neutrality in conflicts helps maintain professionalism and client trust.

Bacterial Growth

  • Bacteria proliferate in two phases: active (growth) and inactive (spore formation).
  • MRSA presents a challenge due to its resistance to standard antibiotics.

Binary Fission

  • A method of bacterial reproduction where a single cell divides into two identical cells, promoting rapid population growth.### Cell Division
  • Bacterial cells divide into two new cells known as daughter cells.

Local Infection

  • A local infection is confined to a specific body area, manifesting as a lesion filled with pus, e.g., a pimple or abscess.

Contagious Disease

  • A disease that spreads from one person to another is categorized as a contagious disease.

Common Contagious Diseases

  • Common contagious diseases that may prevent salon or spa professionals from servicing clients include:
    • Common cold
    • Ringworm
    • Conjunctivitis (pinkeye)
    • Viral infections

Virus Definition

  • A virus is a parasitic submicroscopic particle that infects host cells and can replicate only by hijacking the host's reproductive machinery.

Differences Between Viruses and Bacteria

  • Viruses require a host cell for reproduction and survival, whereas bacteria can live and reproduce independently.

Occupational Disease

  • An occupational disease arises from workplace conditions, typically due to prolonged exposure to harmful substances or ingredients.

Systemic Disease

  • A systemic disease affects the entire body, often resulting from malfunction of internal glands or organs, and spreads through blood or lymphatic systems.

Bloodborne Pathogens

  • Bloodborne pathogens are disease-causing microorganisms found in blood and body fluids, including hepatitis and HIV.

Estheticians' Scope of Practice

  • Estheticians are not authorized to cut any living skin.

Hepatitis Connection

  • An inflamed liver may lead a doctor to suspect hepatitis in a patient.

HIV Transmission

  • HIV is primarily transmitted through blood, and occasionally through other bodily fluids like semen and vaginal secretions. Key transmission routes include:
    • Sharing needles among intravenous (IV) drug users
    • Unprotected sexual contact

Fungi Overview

  • Microscopic plant parasites that can include molds, mildews, and yeasts are classified as fungi.

Tinea Pedis

  • Tinea pedis specifically affects the feet, commonly referred to as athlete's foot.

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Description

This quiz focuses on the importance of studying history and career opportunities in esthetics. Understanding the evolution of beauty practices and materials provides valuable insights into modern techniques and trends in the field. It also highlights the impact of culture on fashion and beauty standards.

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