Milady Chapter 5 Review Questions

Regulatory Agencies and Safety

• Regulatory agencies ensure safe working conditions and inform employees about hazardous materials as outlined in the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970.
• Safety Data Sheets (SDS) must be available for all chemical products in salons, required by OSHA and state agencies.

Microorganisms Relevant to Cosmetology

• Four main types of microorganisms significant in cosmetology: bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites.

Contagious Diseases

• Contagious diseases spread from person to person, also referred to as communicable diseases. Common examples include colds, ringworm, conjunctivitis, and infections related to nails or feet.

HIV Risks in Salons

• HIV can be a risk in salon settings if tools become contaminated with a client’s blood, making proper cleaning and disinfecting essential to prevent infections.

Cleaning, Disinfecting, and Sterilizing

• Cleaning removes visible dirt using soap and water; disinfecting targets most microorganisms on nonporous surfaces, while sterilizing destroys all microbial life, though rarely mandated.

Complete Immersion

• Complete immersion requires sufficient liquid in a container to cover all surfaces of an item for at least 10 minutes, as specified by the manufacturer.

Safety Tips for Disinfectants

• Always have an SDS available for disinfectants.
• Use gloves and safety glasses when mixing disinfectants and avoid skin/eye contact.
• Dilute disinfectants by adding them to water to prevent foaming.
• Use tongs or gloves to remove items from disinfectants.
• Ensure disinfectants are stored out of children's reach.

Disinfectability of Items

• Multiuse (reusable) items can be cleaned and disinfected for use on multiple clients; examples include nippers, shears, combs, and metal pushers.
• Porous items cannot be properly disinfected and should be disposed of after a single use; examples include wooden sticks, cotton balls, and nail files.

Standard Precautions

• Standard precautions, guided by the CDC, suggest all human blood and body fluids should be treated as potentially infectious.

Exposure Incidents

• An exposure incident refers to contact with non-intact skin or potentially infectious materials during an employee’s duties.

Handling Exposure Incidents

• Immediate actions include stopping the service, informing the client, washing the injury, applying antiseptics, and disposing of contaminated materials properly.
• Ensure to disinfect all tools and items that may have been contaminated during the incident.

Cleaning and Disinfecting Foot Spas

• After each client, clean foot spas by draining water, scrubbing components with soap and warm water, and using EPA-registered disinfectants to mitigate infection risks.
• Follow specific procedures for end-of-day and weekly cleaning protocols to maintain hygiene standards.