Milady Anatomy and Physiology: Immune System Quiz & Flashcards

Questions and Answers

How much blood does the human body contain?

Twenty to twenty-five pints

Twelve to fifteen pints

Five to six pints

Eight to ten pints (correct)

What is a nutritive fluid flowing through the circulatory system?

Blood (correct)

Serum

Lyph

Plasma

What are platelets?

Blood components that contribute to the blood clotting process

What is the study of tiny structures found in living tissue?

Histology Signup and view all the answers

What is one reason estheticians should study body systems, organs, and tissue?

To understand the effect that services have on the body Signup and view all the answers

What is protoplasm?

Substance of which the cells of all living things are composed Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of cell reproduction called?

Mitosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the sternum?

Flat bone that forms the ventral support of the ribs Signup and view all the answers

What is the fluid part of the blood that carries food and secretions to the cells and carbon dioxide from the cells?

Plasma Signup and view all the answers

What is true of the origin part of a muscle?

It is attached to the skeleton Signup and view all the answers

What are the structures composed of specialized tissues and performing specific functions?

Organs Signup and view all the answers

Why does the parathyroid gland regulate blood calcium and phosphorous levels?

So the nervous and muscular systems can function properly Signup and view all the answers

What is true of the pituitary gland?

It is the most complex organ of the endocrine system Signup and view all the answers

What organ in the endocrine system secretes enzyme-producing cells that are responsible for digesting carbohydrates, proteins, and fats?

Pancreas Signup and view all the answers

What are the secretions that the endocrine glands release directly into the bloodstream and that influence the welfare of the entire body?

Hormones Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

Breathing Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the lymphatic/immune system?

Protecting the body from disease Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the skeletal system?

Providing the physical foundation of the body Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the circulatory system?

Moving blood through the body Signup and view all the answers

What is covered, shaped, and supported by the muscular system?

Skeletal tissue Signup and view all the answers

What body system is responsible for changing food into nutrients and waste?

Digestive Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the excretory system?

Purifying the body by elimination of waste matter Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the reproductive system?

Perpetuating the human race Signup and view all the answers

What is the body system that controls and coordinates all other body systems?

Nervous Signup and view all the answers

What is a connection between 2 or more bones of the skeleton?

Joint Signup and view all the answers

What body system serves as a protective covering for the body?

Integumentary Signup and view all the answers

Connective, epithelial, muscle, and nerve are types of what found in the body?

Tissue Signup and view all the answers

What are valves?

Structures that close a passage or permit flow in one direction only Signup and view all the answers

What bone forms the back of the skull above the nape?

Occipital Signup and view all the answers

How many identical daughter cells are formed when a cell divides during mitosis?

Two Signup and view all the answers

What body system affects the growth, development, sexual activities, and health of the body?

Endocrine Signup and view all the answers

Where in the body does the spinal cord originate?

Brain Signup and view all the answers

What are glands?

Specialized organs that remove and convert elements from the blood Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of lymph?

To disperse white blood cells and cell nutrients Signup and view all the answers

What binds tissues of the body together?

Connective tissue Signup and view all the answers

What carries messages to and from the brain and controls and coordinates all body functions?

Nerve tissue Signup and view all the answers

What organ circulates the blood?

Heart Signup and view all the answers

What do the kidneys do?

Excrete water and waste products Signup and view all the answers

As one of the major body organs, the brain has the function of______?

Controlling the body Signup and view all the answers

What is defecation?

Eliminating waste from the body Signup and view all the answers

Which body system controls and coordinates all bodily functions?

Nervous Signup and view all the answers

Which body system regulates temperature and produces vitamin D?

Integumentary Signup and view all the answers

Which body system protects the body from disease by developing resistance in destroying disease-causing toxins?

Immune/lymphatic Signup and view all the answers

Which body system eliminates carbon dioxide as a waste product?

Respiratory Signup and view all the answers

The kidneys and bladder are part of this system

Excretory Signup and view all the answers

Which type of muscle will estheticians work with?

Skeletal Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the muscle flexes but remains stationary?

Origin Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle draws the scalp backward?

Occipitalis Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle causes wrinkles in the forehead?

Frontalis Signup and view all the answers

This muscle closes the eyes

Orbicularis oculi Signup and view all the answers

Which thin, flat muscle between the upper and lower jaws compresses the cheeks and expels air between the lips?

Buccinator Signup and view all the answers

This muscle pulls down the corners of the mouth

Triangularis Signup and view all the answers

If you want to pucker up you need to use the_____ muscle.

Obicularis oris Signup and view all the answers

You use this muscle to smile, but not grin.

Levator anguli oris Signup and view all the answers

This muscle is used to grin.

Risorius Signup and view all the answers

Which of these muscles are used in chewing?

Masseter and temporalis Signup and view all the answers

What are the 3 muscles of the ear called?

Auricularis muscles Signup and view all the answers

When you turn your head, you are using the ___ muscle.

Sternocleidomastoid Signup and view all the answers

Which large, flat, triangular muscle covers the lower back?

Latissimus dorsi Signup and view all the answers

When you show someone your muscles on your arm, you are most likely showing them your____?

Biceps Signup and view all the answers

Which movement separates the fingers?

Abduction Signup and view all the answers

When you bend forward, which muscle movement are you using?

Flexion Signup and view all the answers

This movement is used to rotate the muscles.

Supination Signup and view all the answers

How does massage help the muscles of the hand?

Maintains pliability Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to know about the muscles of the forearm?

To maintain good body mechanics Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Blood and Circulatory System

The human body contains approximately eight to 10 pints of blood.
Blood serves as a nutritive fluid that circulates throughout the body.
Platelets are blood components essential for the clotting process.
Plasma is the fluid portion of blood that transports nutrients to cells and removes carbon dioxide.

Body Systems and Functions

Estheticians study body systems to understand service impacts on bodily functions.
The skeletal system provides the body's physical foundation.
The circulatory system is responsible for blood circulation throughout the body.
The respiratory system's primary function is breathing, while the excretory system purifies the body by eliminating waste.

Endocrine and Immune Systems

Hormones are secreted by endocrine glands and influence overall body health.
The parathyroid gland regulates calcium and phosphorus levels for proper nervous and muscular function.
The immune system protects against disease by developing resistance and eliminating toxins.

Muscular System

The origin of a muscle is its stationary attachment to the skeleton.
Various facial muscles, like the occipitalis, frontalis, and orbicularis oculi, have specific functions such as drawing the scalp backward, creating forehead wrinkles, and closing the eyes.
The masseter and temporalis muscles are crucial for chewing.

Tissue Types and Functions

The body contains four primary tissue types: connective, epithelial, muscle, and nerve.
Connective tissue binds different body tissues together, while nerve tissue carries messages to and from the brain.
Glands are specialized organs that convert elements from blood for bodily functions.

Skeletal and Muscle Anatomy

The sternum is a flat bone providing ventral rib support.
The occipital bone forms the back of the skull.
Skeletal muscle, which estheticians work with, enables voluntary movements and is controlled by the nervous system.

Joint and Movement Mechanics

Joints connect two or more bones in the skeleton.
Abduction is the movement that separates the fingers, while flexion occurs when bending forward.
Supination refers to the rotation of muscles, critical for various arm movements.

Nervous System

The nervous system controls and coordinates all bodily functions, originating from the brain.

Human Anatomy Overview

The pancreas in the endocrine system secretes enzymes for digesting carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
Kidneys excrete water and waste products, while the bladder is part of the excretory system.
The latissimus dorsi is a large muscle covering the lower back, while the biceps are prominent in arm musculature.

Importance of Muscle Knowledge

Understanding forearm muscles enhances body mechanics and promotes effective movement during esthetic practices.
Massage helps maintain the pliability of hand muscles, contributing to overall functionality.

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Description

Test your knowledge of anatomy and physiology with these flashcards covering key concepts from Chapter 2 of Milady's curriculum. Topics include blood composition, circulatory system functions, and cellular structures. Perfect for students preparing for their exams.

Milady Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 2