Podcast
Questions and Answers
What year had the highest number of apprehensions of migrants in Mexico?
What year had the highest number of apprehensions of migrants in Mexico?
The fire in the migration detention center in Ciudad Juarez resulted in the death of 30 migrants.
The fire in the migration detention center in Ciudad Juarez resulted in the death of 30 migrants.
False
What was the primary goal of the INM's Protocol related to COVID-19?
What was the primary goal of the INM's Protocol related to COVID-19?
To identify cases, prevent transmission, and provide care for suspected and confirmed cases.
Before COVID, migrants were deported using __________.
Before COVID, migrants were deported using __________.
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Match the event with the year it occurred:
Match the event with the year it occurred:
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What excuse was used to increase the number of deportations?
What excuse was used to increase the number of deportations?
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What percentage of migrants intercepted by Mexican authorities are expelled on average?
What percentage of migrants intercepted by Mexican authorities are expelled on average?
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The conditions for transporting migrants in buses were described as adequate and humane.
The conditions for transporting migrants in buses were described as adequate and humane.
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What was the total number of irregular migrants intercepted from 2001 to 2022?
What was the total number of irregular migrants intercepted from 2001 to 2022?
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From 2001 to 2021, Mexican authorities expelled over 3 million migrants.
From 2001 to 2021, Mexican authorities expelled over 3 million migrants.
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What term does Nancy Hiemstra use to describe the process of extending US power through migration police practices?
What term does Nancy Hiemstra use to describe the process of extending US power through migration police practices?
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The majority of migrants expelled by Mexico between 2001 and 2021 were from __________.
The majority of migrants expelled by Mexico between 2001 and 2021 were from __________.
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Match the following terms with their descriptions:
Match the following terms with their descriptions:
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What event prompted the US to threaten Mexico with tariffs in 2019?
What event prompted the US to threaten Mexico with tariffs in 2019?
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What is the average duration detainees are held before being expelled by Mexican authorities?
What is the average duration detainees are held before being expelled by Mexican authorities?
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How many migrants did the INM deport by air in the first month of 2020?
How many migrants did the INM deport by air in the first month of 2020?
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The AMLO administration's approach to migration was well received by the US.
The AMLO administration's approach to migration was well received by the US.
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The total number of people expelled by air almost tripled in 2021 compared to the previous year.
The total number of people expelled by air almost tripled in 2021 compared to the previous year.
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Which three countries were the main destinations for expulsions in 2021?
Which three countries were the main destinations for expulsions in 2021?
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The private company in charge of the aerial transfers is called ______.
The private company in charge of the aerial transfers is called ______.
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Match the year with the number of charter flights operated by the INM:
Match the year with the number of charter flights operated by the INM:
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What percentage of expulsions to Honduras were by charter flight in 2021?
What percentage of expulsions to Honduras were by charter flight in 2021?
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Charter flights accounted for more than 20% of total expulsions to Guatemala in 2021.
Charter flights accounted for more than 20% of total expulsions to Guatemala in 2021.
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What complication led to the death of the Salvadorean woman in April 2020?
What complication led to the death of the Salvadorean woman in April 2020?
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What was the total amount paid for the transport of persons in 2020?
What was the total amount paid for the transport of persons in 2020?
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In 2021, 51% of the total expenditure of the 'transport of persons' item in the INM budget was represented by the contracts.
In 2021, 51% of the total expenditure of the 'transport of persons' item in the INM budget was represented by the contracts.
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What was the average number of migrants expelled per charter flight to Haiti?
What was the average number of migrants expelled per charter flight to Haiti?
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The average number of custody agents per flight to Cuba was __________.
The average number of custody agents per flight to Cuba was __________.
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Which of the following statements reflects the described approach of the current Mexican administration towards migrants?
Which of the following statements reflects the described approach of the current Mexican administration towards migrants?
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Match the following average figures with their corresponding category:
Match the following average figures with their corresponding category:
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The presence of both migration agents and National Guard agents was absent on the flights discussed.
The presence of both migration agents and National Guard agents was absent on the flights discussed.
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Who was Victoria Esperanza Salazar?
Who was Victoria Esperanza Salazar?
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Study Notes
Mexico's Migration Crisis
- Mexico's HDI (Human Development Index) value in 2022 was 0.781, classifying it as a high-development region.
- Mexico's HDI rank is 77, as of March 13, 2024.
- Mexico's population in 2022 was 127,504,126.
- Mexico's HDI has been steadily increasing since 1990.
- The presentation indicates a significant increase in the number of migrants intercepted in Mexico from 2001 to 2021, with over 90% originating from Guatemala, Honduras, and El Salvador.
- Methods of deportation include buses (prior to COVID).
- During the COVID-19 pandemic, deportation methods changed to airplanes.
Causes and Pressures
- U.S. pressure is a key factor in Mexico's increased migration enforcement.
- U.S. rhetoric surrounding migrants is a contributing factor.
- The COVID-19 pandemic was used as an excuse to escalate deportations.
- Mexico's policies, such as "Open Arms", are contradictory to the increasing enforcement actions.
- Financial arrangements and agreements between the U.S. and Mexico are influencing the increased deportation strategies.
- The National Guard's presence on the border is significantly impacting migrant deportation procedures.
Repressive Control
- There is a trend of increasing repressive control towards Migrant Caravans in Mexico, particularly during specific periods (2019 and 2020, and 2022).
- 2022 saw the highest number of migrant apprehensions in Mexico's history (444,439) and an overall high total of immigration events.
- Reports show that migrants are often subjected to harsh conditions during transportation (poor facilities, long journeys, lack of medical certification).
- An incident at a detention center in Ciudad Juarez in March 2023 led to the deaths of 40 migrants.
Policy and Procedures
- The National Institute of Migration (INM) implemented a protocol in 2020 to address COVID-19 within migration facilities.
- This protocol was intended to (i) identify cases, (ii) prevent transmission, (iii) establish specific processes for suspected/confirmed cases, and (iv) maintain order and safeguard facilities.
- INM's statements tend to omit instances, such as the death of a Salvadorian woman from COVID-19 complications within the facility in 2020.
Global Context
- Data shows general average global peacefulness has declined by 0.56%.
- There are lists of countries and rankings for global peace index, and score changes.
- Country-by-country data on peacefulness, and score changes.
Private Companies
- Grupo Aéreo Monterrey (Magnicharters) has been a key private company for managing deportation flights.
- Contracts with significant financial value to manage these transportation services.
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Description
Test your knowledge on key events and policies related to migration in Mexico, particularly from 2001 to 2021. This quiz covers apprehension statistics, deportation practices, and important events such as the Ciudad Juarez detention center fire. See how well you understand the nuances of migration and the factors influencing these practices.
