Migrants and Refugees: Safety and Economic Factors
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Questions and Answers

Individuals facing persecution based on their favorite hobbies are likely to migrate to secure safer living conditions.

False (B)

The Northern Triangle's high crime rate, with most offences punished severely influenced a significant population outflow.

False (B)

Economic migration typically involves movement from wealthier regions with fewer opportunities to developing regions with more opportunities.

False (B)

Permanent relocation due to a temporary and mild drought that only lasts a week classifies as environmentally motivated involuntary migration.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Environmental displacement refers to the voluntary movement of people due to attractive environmental conditions.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Seeking advanced medical treatments unavailable in one's home country would not qualify as a social factor in migration.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The desire to send a child to art camp is definitely a social-related motivation for migration.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A widespread marketing campaign promoting urban life, if successful, can be classified as an environmental motivator for migration.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Individuals seeking medical treatment unavailable in their home country represent a form of migration driven by economic hardship.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Entering a country with a valid visa, but then remaining after the visa has expired, constitutes legal migration.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Environmental factors, such as rising sea levels, primarily induce internal migration rather than international migration.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A 'brain drain' refers to the phenomenon where a country experiences a net loss of highly skilled professionals due to emigration.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Migration driven by family reunification is primarily motivated by economic factors rather than social ties.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An individual who crosses a border into a new country via established channels, but provides fraudulent documentation, is considered a refugee.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Graduate programs in the United States are considered a significant pull factor, attracting talented individuals globally and primarily driving refugee migration.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Illegal Migration

Entering or remaining in a country without legal authorization.

Uninspected Entry

Entering a country without inspection by immigration officials.

Fraudulent Entry

Entering a country using false documents or misrepresentation.

Economic Migration

The main reason people migrate, seeking better jobs and higher pay.

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Environmental Migration

Migration caused by events where people leave due to drought or floods.

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Brain Drain

When skilled workers leave their home country for better opportunities abroad.

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Internal Migration

Movement within a country, often from rural to urban areas, because living circumstances are too difficult.

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Safety Factors in Migration

Migration due to perceived or actual threats to one's safety and well-being.

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Social Factors in Migration

People move to ensure better opportunities for themselves or their family and to achieve a better quality of life.

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Displacement

The forced movement of people due to social or environmental factors.

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Northern Triangle

Guatemala, Honduras, and El Salvador, known for high levels of violence.

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Migration due to Persecution and Discrimination

Leaving one’s country due to fear of persecution based on factors like nationality, race, religion, or political beliefs.

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Rural to Urban Migration

Moving from rural areas to cities in search of better prospects.

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Study Notes

  • Migrants and refugees are individuals forced to leave their homes for various reasons, seeking a better life.

Safety Factors

  • Safety factors, such as persecution and discrimination based on nationality, race, religion, political beliefs, or group membership, can cause migration.
  • People move to find safer living locations.
  • Danger leading to migration can be formal (war) or informal (gang activity).
  • In 2016, Guatemala, Honduras, and El Salvador, known as the Northern Triangle, were among the world's most violent regions.
  • The Northern Triangle countries record thousands of crimes by local and international gangs and armed criminal groups.
  • Most crimes in the Northern Triangle go unpunished.
  • Approximately 10% of the Northern Triangle's population has already left due to extreme violence.

Economic Factors

  • Economic migration, either permanent or seasonal, is a common reason to migrate.
  • People migrate from poorer to richer areas for higher wages and more job opportunities.
  • Rural residents migrate to urban areas for more competitive opportunities.

Environmental Factors

  • Migration due to environmental factors is becoming increasingly involuntary.
  • Environmental factors cause displacement, or the forced movement of people.
  • Crop failure results in food scarcity, and a drop in agricultural jobs, prompting migration for better opportunities and climate.
  • Pollution of water, air, and soil in urban and rural settings creates health risks, forcing people to seek a better life in other regions.

Social Factors

  • Social factors motivating migration arise from the desire to achieve a better quality of life.
  • Migrants seek better opportunities for themselves or their families, such as safer schools or better jobs.
  • United States graduate programs are popular for talented individuals.
  • People migrate for services like life-saving surgery or medical treatment unavailable in their home area.

Illegal Migration

  • Illegal migration occurs when people enter or stay in a country without legal permission, also known as illegal immigration or undocumented immigration.
  • Examples include entering a country without inspection, with an expired visa, fraudulently, crossing a border improperly, or staying after a visa expires.

Contemporary Migration

  • In the contemporary world, the primary causes for migration include economic factors (better employment opportunities and higher wages), environmental issues (climate change, droughts, floods), political persecution, armed conflict, family reunification, and better education.
  • People migrate to improve their quality of life by escaping hardship and seeking better prospects.

Key Migration Causes

  • Economic factors are significant, with people moving for higher paying jobs, business opportunities, or to escape poverty.
  • Environmental factors: Climate change related events like rising sea levels, droughts, and extreme weather force people to leave their homes and migrate to safer areas.
  • Political factors: Persecution, human rights abuses, and armed conflict lead to large-scale forced migration as people seek asylum.
  • Social factors: Family reunification is a key driver, with people moving to join family members already in another country.

Specific Migration Examples

  • Labor migration: Moving to a country to work in a specific industry where there is high demand.
  • Brain drain: Highly skilled professionals leaving for better opportunities abroad.
  • Refugee migration: People fleeing war or persecution and seeking asylum in another country.
  • Internal migration: Movement within a country, often due to economic disparities.
  • Climate change migration: People displaced from homes due to extreme weather caused by climate change.

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Description

This lesson explores the reasons behind migration, focusing on safety and economic factors. It discusses persecution, discrimination, war, gang violence, and the search for better economic opportunities as key drivers for individuals and groups leaving their homes.

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