Microzide Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is the generic name of Microzide?

Metoprolol

Amlodipine

Hydrochlorothiazide (correct)

Lisinopril

What drug class does Microzide belong to?

Diuretic

What are the dosage forms of Microzide?

Capsules: 12.5 mg; Tablets: 12.5, 25, 50 mg

What are the indications for using Microzide?

Edema related to congestive heart failure, hepatic cirrhosis, corticosteroid and estrogen therapy, renal dysfunction, and hypertension control. Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal starting dose of Microzide?

25-100 mg daily in a single or divided oral dose Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended dosing for hypertension control with Microzide?

25 mg daily in a single dose; some patients may require up to 50 mg per day in divided doses. Signup and view all the answers

What is the dosing recommendation for children taking Microzide?

1-2 mg/kg/day in single or divided doses; infants under 6 months may require up to 3 mg/kg/day. Signup and view all the answers

What is Microzide's mechanism of action?

Inhibits the reabsorption of sodium and chloride at the distal renal tube. Signup and view all the answers

How long does it take for Microzide to reach peak plasma levels?

4 hours Signup and view all the answers

What is the half-life of Microzide?

6-15 hours Signup and view all the answers

What are the potential drug interactions when taking Microzide?

May decrease sulfonylurea hypoglycemia, electrolyte disturbances may cause digitalis-induced arrhythmias, diazide may cause hyperglycemia, may increase lithium serum levels. Signup and view all the answers

What are the contraindications and precautions for using Microzide?

Do not use in patients with anuria or hypersensitivity to sulfonamide-derived drugs; caution in cirrhosis, gout, impaired renal or hepatic functions, diabetes. Signup and view all the answers

What are the common adverse effects of Microzide?

Dry mouth, muscle cramps, nausea, vomiting, anemia, weakness, dizziness, hypotension, anorexia, GI distress, hyperglycemia, photosensitivity, rash, transient blurred vision. Signup and view all the answers

What patient consultation advice should be given when prescribing Microzide?

May be taken with food if GI upset occurs; timing of the dose is important due to increased diuresis; usually taken in early am; avoid excessive sun exposure; store in a cool, dry place; contact physician if side effects occur; skip missed dose. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Microzide Overview

Generic name is Hydrochlorothiazide, classified as a diuretic.
Available in capsule (12.5 mg) and tablet forms (12.5 mg, 25 mg, 50 mg).

Indications

Used to treat edema related to congestive heart failure, hepatic cirrhosis, corticosteroid and estrogen therapy, and renal dysfunction.
Effective for controlling hypertension.

Dosage Information

Normal starting dose ranges from 25-100 mg daily, either as a single or divided oral dose.
For hypertension management, usually prescribed at 25 mg daily, though some patients may need up to 50 mg in divided doses.
Pediatric dosing involves 1-2 mg/kg/day, with infants under 6 months allowed up to 3 mg/kg/day in two divided doses.

Pharmacokinetics

Peak plasma levels occur approximately 4 hours after administration.
Half-life of the drug ranges from 6 to 15 hours.

Mechanism of Action

Functions by inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the distal renal tubule.

Drug Interactions

May reduce the hypoglycemic effects of sulfonylureas.
Electrolyte imbalances can lead to digitalis-induced arrhythmias.
Diazide can induce hyperglycemia.
Can increase serum lithium levels.

Contraindications and Precautions

Contraindicated in patients with anuria or hypersensitivity to sulfonamide-derived drugs.
Caution advised for those with cirrhosis, gout, renal or hepatic impairment, diabetes, and those on corticosteroids or ACTH.
Classified as pregnancy category B.

Adverse Effects

Possible side effects include dry mouth, muscle cramps, nausea, vomiting, anemia, weakness, dizziness, hypotension, anorexia, gastrointestinal distress, hyperglycemia, photosensitivity, rash, and transient blurred vision.

Patient Consultation

Can be taken with food or milk if GI upset occurs.
Importance of timing; best taken in the early morning to mitigate increased diuresis.
Advise against excessive sun exposure.
Store medication in a cool, dry place.
Patients should contact their physician if persistent side effects arise.
If a dose is missed, skip it and continue with the regular schedule.