Microscopy Techniques Overview

False (B)

Illuminating the specimen with white light

<p>contrast</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fluorescence Microscopy = Uses fluorescent dyes to label and visualize specimens Electron Microscopy = Utilizes a beam of electrons for high-resolution imaging Confocal Microscopy = Uses a laser and pinhole to eliminate out-of-focus light Super-resolution Techniques = Achieves resolutions beyond the diffraction limit of light</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1-20 μm thick (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It enhances visibility of cellular structures by converting refractive index differences into light intensity differences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>3 nm to 20 nm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>critical point drying</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>cantilever</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Conventional SEM = Surface imaging of fixed tissues Cryo EM = High-resolution molecular structure analysis Atomic Force Microscopy = Surface topology analysis Freeze-fracture EM = Internal structure visualization</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gold-palladium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Biofilms or macromolecules in solution or in a membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>SEM requires thicker specimens than TEM. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To localize specific macromolecules by using gold particles attached to antibodies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>negative</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) = Focuses on internal structures Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) = Captures surface details in 3D Ultrastructure Imaging = Involves high-resolution cellular components Negative Staining = Enhances contrast of particles against dark backgrounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Viruses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Osmium tetroxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

A microscope that uses a beam of electrons to create highly magnified images of very thin specimens.

Involves ultra-thin sectioning and using heavy metal salts to stain the tissue, increasing electron density of specific features. This helps generate detailed images.

A technique used to localize specific macromolecules (proteins, etc.) in a sample by tagging them with antibodies attached to gold particles.

A technique to visualize small particles or macromolecules by applying heavy metal salts to the sample. The particles appear as lighter regions against the dark background.

A microscope that creates images of the surface of a sample by scanning it with a beam of electrons.

Areas of a sample that appear darker in an electron microscope image. Caused by the presence of heavy metal salts that absorb electrons.

Extremely thin slices of biological samples.

A chemical fixative that reacts with double bonds, particularly in lipids, preserving structure and enhancing the staining process.

Tissue fixation with glutaraldehyde (proteins) and OsO4 (membranes), then critical point drying to remove water, followed by heavy metal coating for conductivity.

Rapidly freezing a sample and splitting it with a glass knife to expose internal cell surfaces, then coating with platinum-carbon for visualization.

Rapidly freezing a sample and imaging it using a low dose of electrons at high voltage, for atomic resolution.

Scanning a surface with a tiny cantilever (beam), measuring surface deflections to create images of surface topology, can also manipulate molecules.

Suitable for studying surface topology of biofilms or macromolecules in solution or a membrane.

A tiny cantilever probe moves over the surface, and tiny deflections are recorded creating a surface image. It can also manipulate single molecules.

Maximum resolution between 3 nm and 20 nm, varying with the specific instrument used.

New methods are continuously developed to improve microscopy techniques, e.g., new visualization.

The process of cutting a tissue block into thin slices (sections) for microscopy.

A process where tissue is placed in a solid medium (like wax or plastic) to create a block for easier sectioning.

A tool used to section tissues into very thin slices.

The controlled thickness of tissue slices, typically 1-20 μm, for optimal viewing under a microscope.

Preserving tissue to prevent decay and maintain structural integrity before sectioning.

Removing water from the tissue to prepare it for embedding.

A microscopy technique that amplifies differences in the refractive index in different parts of a sample, enhancing contrast.

A microscopy technique that creates a pseudo-3D effect by amplifying differences in the refractive index in a sample.