Microscopy: Numerical Aperture and Image Resolution

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What is the primary advantage of using incident illumination in fluorescence techniques?

It enables the use of transmitted light instead of reflected light
It reduces the amount of visible fluorescent light collected by the objective
It allows for the use of a wider range of objectives (correct)
It increases the intensity of the excitation beam

What is the function of a dichroic mirror in incident illumination?

To block the visible fluorescent light from reaching the observer
To split the excitation beam into two separate beams
To increase the numerical aperture of the objective
To reflect the desired wavelength of light to the object (correct)

What is the role of the objective in incident illumination?

It acts as a condenser but not as a numerical aperture
It acts only as a numerical aperture
It acts as a filter to select the desired wavelength
It acts as a condenser and a numerical aperture (correct)

What is the primary function of an objective lens?

To collect maximum light from the object and form a high-quality real image (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is prevented from reaching the observer in incident illumination?

The excitation rays bouncing back from the slide and cover glass (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula to calculate the numerical aperture (NA) of an objective lens?

NA = n x sin(u) (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the smallest distance between two dots or lines that can be seen as separate entities?

Resolution (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the selection filters in incident illumination?

To select the desired wavelength of light (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of objective lens is known for its simplicity and is most widely used?

Achromatic (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of stimulating fluorescence on the observer's side of the preparation?

It makes the fluorescence more brilliant (B) Signup and view all the answers

What type of glass is often incorporated in apochromatic objective lenses?

Fluorite (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of planapochromat objective lenses?

Complex in structure with a total of 10 or more elements (C) Signup and view all the answers

What type of light source is commonly used in modern microscopes?

Incandescent tungsten-halogen bulb (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the condenser in a microscope?

To focus light on the object (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the aperture diaphragm in a condenser?

To control the diameter of light (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the object stage in a microscope?

To support the glass slides and allow light to pass through (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most important part of a microscope's equipment?

Objectives (C) Signup and view all the answers

How many lenses are typically found in an objective?

5-15 (B) Signup and view all the answers