Microorganisms Class 14 Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following are classes of microorganisms? (Select all that apply)

  • Viruses (correct)
  • Robots
  • Bacteria (correct)
  • Fungi (correct)

What are bacteria?

Simple, one-celled organisms that multiply rapidly.

How are bacteria classified?

By shape and arrangement.

What shape are cocci?

<p>Round and spherical.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are diplococci?

<p>Cocci that occur in pairs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are streptococci?

<p>Cocci that occur in chains.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are staphylococci?

<p>Cocci that occur in clusters.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What shape are bacilli?

<p>Rod shape.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are flagella?

<p>Thread-like projections that allow movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bacilli in spore form are easy to kill.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What bacteria can cause tuberculosis and tetanus?

<p>Different types of bacilli.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What shape are spirilla?

<p>Spiral or corkscrew shape.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of bacteria is vibrio?

<p>Comma-shaped bacteria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of bacteria is spirochete?

<p>Corkscrew-shaped bacteria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which diseases are caused by spirilla?

<p>Syphilis and cholera.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is used to kill bacteria?

<p>Antibiotics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is it called when an antibiotic is no longer effective against bacteria?

<p>Antibiotic resistant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Classes of Microorganisms

  • Major classes include Bacteria, Protozoa, Fungi, Rickettsiae, and Viruses.

Bacteria

  • Simple, one-celled organisms that reproduce rapidly.

Classification of Bacteria

  • Bacteria are classified by shape and arrangement.

Cocci

  • Round and spherical bacteria.
  • Variants include:
    • Diplococci: Occur in pairs and can cause gonorrhea, meningitis, and pneumonia.
    • Streptococci: Occur in chains, leading to severe sore throat (strep throat) and rheumatic fever.
    • Staphylococci: Occur in clusters, associated with infections such as boils, urinary tract infections, wound infections, and toxic shock.

Bacilli

  • Rod-shaped bacteria that can occur singly, in pairs, or chains.
  • Many bacilli possess flagella for movement and can form spores or thick-walled capsules under adverse growth conditions, making them hard to eliminate.
  • Associated with diseases such as tuberculosis, tetanus, pertussis (whooping cough), botulism, diphtheria, and typhoid.

Flagella

  • Thread-like projections resembling tails that enable bacterial movement.

Spirilla

  • Spiral or corkscrew-shaped bacteria.
  • Variants include:
    • Vibrio: Comma-shaped bacteria.
    • Spirochete: Corkscrew-shaped bacteria, linked to diseases like syphilis and cholera.

Antibiotics

  • Medications designed to kill bacteria.

Antibiotic Resistance

  • When bacteria become unaffected by antibiotics, they are referred to as antibiotic-resistant.

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