8 Questions
Which disease is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?
AIDS
What is the mode of transmission of Hepatitis A?
Contaminated food and water
Which disease is caused by the lyssavirus?
Rabies
What is the mode of transmission of Polio?
Fecal-oral route
What is the treatment for TB?
Antibiotic therapy
What is the mode of transmission of Typhoid fever?
Contaminated food and water
What is the treatment for Hepatitis?
Antiviral medications and liver transplantation
Which disease has symptoms including fever, headache, and vomiting?
Typhoid fever
Study Notes
Microorganisms
AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)
- Caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
- Attacks the immune system, making the body vulnerable to infections and diseases
- Transmitted through:
- Unprotected sex
- Contaminated needles
- Mother-to-child transmission
- Symptoms:
- Fever
- Fatigue
- Swollen glands
- Skin rashes
- Treatment: Antiretroviral therapy (ART)
Hepatitis
- Inflammation of the liver caused by a viral infection
- Types:
- Hepatitis A (HAV): Spread through contaminated food and water
- Hepatitis B (HBV): Transmitted through bodily fluids
- Hepatitis C (HCV): Transmitted through blood and bodily fluids
- Symptoms:
- Fatigue
- Loss of appetite
- Nausea and vomiting
- Abdominal pain
- Treatment: Vaccination, antiviral medications, and liver transplantation in severe cases
Rabies
- Caused by the lyssavirus
- Transmitted through animal bites, usually from infected dogs, bats, and wild animals
- Symptoms:
- Fever
- Agitation
- Confusion
- Aggression
- Paralysis
- Treatment: Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) with vaccination and immunoglobulin administration
Polio (Poliomyelitis)
- Caused by the poliovirus
- Transmitted through:
- Fecal-oral route
- Contaminated food and water
- Symptoms:
- Fever
- Headache
- Vomiting
- Stiffness in the neck and back
- Muscle weakness
- Treatment: Vaccination, pain management, and physical therapy
TB (Tuberculosis)
- Caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium
- Transmitted through:
- Airborne droplets
- Contaminated milk
- Symptoms:
- Coughing
- Chest pain
- Coughing up blood
- Fatigue
- Treatment: Antibiotic therapy, usually a combination of rifampicin and isoniazid
Typhoi (Typhoid Fever)
- Caused by the Salmonella Typhi bacterium
- Transmitted through:
- Contaminated food and water
- Fecal-oral route
- Symptoms:
- Fever
- Headache
- Fatigue
- Abdominal pain
- Diarrhea or constipation
- Treatment: Antibiotic therapy, usually with ciprofloxacin or azithromycin
Microorganisms
AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)
- Caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which attacks the immune system
- Transmission routes:
- Unprotected sex
- Contaminated needles
- Mother-to-child transmission
- Symptoms:
- Fever
- Fatigue
- Swollen glands
- Skin rashes
- Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is the treatment
Hepatitis
- Inflammation of the liver caused by a viral infection
- Types:
- Hepatitis A (HAV): Contaminated food and water
- Hepatitis B (HBV): Bodily fluids
- Hepatitis C (HCV): Blood and bodily fluids
- Symptoms:
- Fatigue
- Loss of appetite
- Nausea and vomiting
- Abdominal pain
- Treatment:
- Vaccination
- Antiviral medications
- Liver transplantation (in severe cases)
Rabies
- Caused by the lyssavirus
- Transmission: Animal bites (usually infected dogs, bats, and wild animals)
- Symptoms:
- Fever
- Agitation
- Confusion
- Aggression
- Paralysis
- Treatment: Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) with vaccination and immunoglobulin administration
Polio (Poliomyelitis)
- Caused by the poliovirus
- Transmission:
- Fecal-oral route
- Contaminated food and water
- Symptoms:
- Fever
- Headache
- Vomiting
- Stiffness in the neck and back
- Muscle weakness
- Treatment:
- Vaccination
- Pain management
- Physical therapy
TB (Tuberculosis)
- Caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium
- Transmission:
- Airborne droplets
- Contaminated milk
- Symptoms:
- Coughing
- Chest pain
- Coughing up blood
- Fatigue
- Treatment: Antibiotic therapy (usually rifampicin and isoniazid combination)
Typhoid Fever
- Caused by the Salmonella Typhi bacterium
- Transmission:
- Contaminated food and water
- Fecal-oral route
- Symptoms:
- Fever
- Headache
- Fatigue
- Abdominal pain
- Diarrhea or constipation
- Treatment: Antibiotic therapy (usually ciprofloxacin or azithromycin)
Learn about Microorganisms and Infectious Diseases, including AIDS and Hepatitis, their causes, symptoms, transmission, and treatment.
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