Micronefrin Overview and Dosage Guidelines

Questions and Answers

What is the brand name of Racemic Epinephrine?

Ventolin

Micronefrin (correct)

EpiPen

Adrenalin

What is the drug class of Racemic Epinephrine?

Sympathomimetic

What is/are the proper adult dose/route(s) of Racemic Epinephrine?

MDI: 2-3 inhalations, repeated every 5 minutes PRN. Solution: dilute 5 mL (1%) in 5 mL saline, administer over 15 minutes.

What is/are the proper pediatric dose/route(s) of Racemic Epinephrine?

Solution: dilute 0.25 mL (0.1%) in 2.5 mL saline (if less than 20 kg); dilute 0.5 mL in 2.5 mL saline (if 20-40 kg); dilute 0.75 mL in 2.5 mL saline (if greater than 40 kg). Administer via hand-held nebulizer. Signup and view all the answers

How does Racemic Epinephrine work on the body?

Stimulates beta-2 receptors in lungs, causing bronchodilation with relaxation of bronchial smooth muscles, reduces airway resistance. Signup and view all the answers

What are the indications for administering Racemic Epinephrine?

Bronchial asthma, prevention of bronchospasm, croup, laryngotracheobronchitis, laryngeal edema. Signup and view all the answers

What are the contraindications for administering Racemic Epinephrine?

Hypertension, underlying cardiovascular disease, epiglottitis. Signup and view all the answers

What are the potential side effects/adverse reactions of Racemic Epinephrine?

Headache, anxiety, fear, nervousness, respiratory weakness, palpitations, tachycardia, dysrhythmias, nausea, vomiting. Signup and view all the answers

When would special considerations be taken with Racemic Epinephrine?

May cause tachycardia and other dysrhythmias. Monitor vital signs. Excessive use may cause bronchospasm. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Drug Overview

Brand name: Micronefrin
Class: Sympathomimetic

Dosage and Administration

Adult dosage via MDI: 2-3 inhalations every 5 minutes as needed
Adult solution dosage: Dilute 5 mL (1%) in 5 mL saline, administer over 15 minutes

Pediatric Dosage Guidelines

For children under 20 kg: dilute 0.25 mL (0.1%) in 2.5 mL saline
For children between 20-40 kg: dilute 0.5 mL in 2.5 mL saline
For children over 40 kg: dilute 0.75 mL in 2.5 mL saline
Administration via hand-held nebulizer

Mechanism of Action

Stimulates beta-2 receptors leading to bronchodilation
Relaxes bronchial smooth muscles and reduces airway resistance
Effective for treating laryngeal edema; inhibits histamine release

Indications for Use

Bronchial asthma and prevention of bronchospasm
Croup, laryngotracheobronchitis, and laryngeal edema

Contraindications

Hypertension, underlying cardiovascular disease
Presence of epiglottitis

Side Effects and Adverse Reactions

Common side effects: headache, anxiety, fear, nervousness
Respiratory issues: weakness and tachycardia
Other effects: palpitations, dysrhythmias, nausea, and vomiting

Special Considerations

Monitor for tachycardia and dysrhythmias
Vital signs need regular monitoring
Excessive use may lead to bronchospasm and strong rebound effects post-administration

Description

This quiz covers essential information about Micronefrin, a sympathomimetic drug used for treating bronchial conditions. It includes dosage and administration guidelines for both adults and children, as well as its mechanism of action, indications, and contraindications. Test your knowledge on the essential aspects of this medication!