Microgreen Production Systems

Microgreen Production Systems

• Microgreens can be grown in diverse systems, most commonly resembling nutrient film technique (NFT) systems.
• The key difference is channel width; microgreen channels are 2-3 times wider than traditional 4-inch NFT channels.
• Another effective system uses multi-layered hydroponic fodder systems for livestock. These utilize fiber mats or burlap as substrates.
• Containers like open packs or flats with soilless peat/coconut coir-based substrates are also suitable.

Propagation and Young Plant Production

• Microgreen production is a complete cycle, harvesting occurs when the first true leaf develops.
• All microgreens originate from seeds; no vegetative propagation is used.
• Seeding density significantly impacts yield. Higher density decreases individual plant weight, but increases the total yield.
• Germination can be aided by using dark coverings, such as polystyrene boards or a dark tray, on seed flats or channels.

Nutrient Solution

• Microgreens can germinate without fertilizer.
• Fertilizer enhances yields.
• A balanced, water-soluble fertilizer delivering 75-150 ppm nitrogen is recommended.
• Use the lower concentration range for sub-irrigated systems and the higher end for overhead irrigation.

Temperature

• A wide range of temperatures supports microgreen growth, varying by species.
• Optimal temperatures for greenhouse and controlled environments are 68 to 72°F.
• Cool temperatures may prolong the time to harvest, while warmer temps accelerate growth and increase crop cycles.
• Basil is sensitive to cold, should not be stored below 50°F.

Light

• Microgreens tolerate low-light conditions, drawing energy from stored reserves.
• Increased light intensity enhances growth and yield.
• Supplemental lighting is usually only needed for greenhouses during fall, winter, and spring.

CO2

• Microgreens, like other greenhouse crops, respond to CO2 levels.
• Supplementing CO2 is beneficial in cooler greenhouse environments with reduced venting or indoors when necessary.

Pollination

• Pollination is not required for culinary herbs being grown for foliage, as they aren't producing fruit. Some herbs grown for seed are cultivated in fields, not controlled environments.

Pruning and Training

• Microgreens do not require pruning or training.

Pests, Physiological Disorders, and Diseases

• Pests and serious physiological disorders are uncommon due to microgreens' short growth cycle.
• Damping-off disease of recently germinated seedlings is a notable threat and can be reduced with seed sterilization prior to planting.

Harvesting

• Microgreens are harvested in various ways: cut from the substrate into a bag/container, or sold while still attached to the growing substrate.
• For substrate-attached sales, the trays are packaged for transport, often using decorative containers.
• Loose-substrate harvests require care to avoid mixing the substrate with the microgreens.

Postharvest Care

• Cut microgreens are protected in plastic clamshells.
• Bagged microgreens are vulnerable to bruising and need adequate air space for protection.
• Refrigerating cut microgreens maximizes shelf life but the appropriate temperature varies by species. Mid-30s to just above 32°F works best for the majority of species.

This quiz explores the various systems for growing microgreens, focusing on techniques like nutrient film and hydroponic fodder systems. Learn about propagation methods, the importance of seeding density, and how to optimize yield through proper germination practices.