Microevolution Historical Background Quiz

<p>Heritability</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heritable variation in species</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It contained little human beings</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The idea of a heritable unit</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Organisms with high reproductive success</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>That organisms tend to produce more offspring than their environment can support</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He believed that male sperm contained little human beings</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The idea of a 'heritable' unit</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heritable traits that promote reproductive success</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aristotle</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gemmules</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Charles Darwin</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Charles Darwin</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Darwin called the heritable unit gemmules, and his best guess about how these heritable units worked was incorrect.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aristotle</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Darwin understood that populations evolve, but individuals don't.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Traits that promote reproductive success</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Populations evolve, not individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Traits that promote reproductive success</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gemmules; his best guess was incorrect</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He believed that male sperm contained little human beings</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gregor Mendel</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Parents pass discrete heritable factors to their offspring</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Population genetics</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A change in a population's frequency of genotypes, alleles, or gene pool</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Frequency of alleles in a population over many generations</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The frequency of alleles remains the same over generations</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They add up to 1, indicating a non-evolving population</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Evolution, such as the favoring of certain genotypes due to natural selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>No mutations</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mutation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Only mutations in the germ line</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Errors in DNA replication, exposure to radiation or chemicals, and viruses</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Genetic additions or subtractions from a population due to the movement of fertile individuals or gametes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It generally reduces differences between populations through the introduction of new alleles</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gene flow leads to reduced differences between populations, while genetic drift leads to increased differences</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It increases differences between generations of individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide a theoretical starting point to understand evolution causes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It favors certain genotypes, leading to deviations from the sum of 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The movement of alleles between populations, increasing genetic differences and driving microevolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A type of genetic drift resulting from a population reduction, leading to non-representative surviving allele frequencies</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Occurs when a few individuals become isolated, leading to a non-reflective gene pool</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Unpredictable allele frequency fluctuations in small populations due to chance events</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Random process impacting all alleles equally, causing evolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The severity of a population bottleneck influences the impact of genetic drift on allele frequencies</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The near-extinction of elephant seals due to human hunting in the 1800s</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Flower color change on a remote island due to bird transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Genetic drift has the greatest impact on smaller populations</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A state where allele frequencies in a population remain constant from generation to generation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Non-random mating preferences, such as same-race coupling</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Differential reproductive success favoring certain genetic traits</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lizards on a small Croatian island developing larger heads and stronger bites</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The 'average' individual</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Artificial selection of cacti with a medium number of spines reducing their numbers in nature</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Phenotypes only</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Environmental change</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pesticide resistance in insects</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Individuals that vary in both directions</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bugs resembling leaves and fish resembling rocks</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It turns adaptive traits into maladaptive ones</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To describe different types of natural selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Directional selection favoring a specific trait</p> Signup and view all the answers