Microeconomics Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the assumption made when creating demand curves?

  • Inflation always causes product prices to rise
  • All economic factors remain constant except price (correct)
  • Consumer taste is the most important variable
  • Availability of product is the most important variable

What is the substitution effect in economics?

  • The change in the amount consumers will buy because they can buy a different product instead (correct)
  • The change in the amount consumers will buy due to a change in the price of a substitute
  • The change in the amount consumers will buy due to a change in income
  • The change in the amount consumers will buy due to a change in consumer taste

What determines the shape of a demand curve?

  • Consumer expectation
  • The law of diminishing marginal utility (correct)
  • The income effect
  • The formula to calculate total revenue

What factor is affecting demand when a factory closes and consumer spending in the town falls?

<p>Income (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do various points on a demand curve represent?

<p>Change in quantity demanded (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of goods do consumers demand less of when their incomes rise?

<p>Inferior goods (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that affects demand according to the scenario where a factory in town gives its employees bonuses, and mall purchases increase?

<p>Income change (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What economic concept measures how responsive consumers are to price changes?

<p>Elasticity of demand (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should the owner do to visually show the overall pattern of information?

<p>Draw a supply curve (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When demand is inelastic, how does the quantity demanded respond to a price change?

<p>It does not change significantly (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the change in total output that results from hiring one additional worker?

<p>Marginal product (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a steep slope on a demand curve indicate?

<p>Inelastic demand (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a marginal product schedule show?

<p>The relationship between labor and marginal product (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the demand for gasoline inelastic?

<p>Because there is not widely available substitute for cars (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the additional expense of producing one more unit of a product?

<p>Marginal cost (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a demand curve look like when demand is unit elastic?

<p>It is a diagonal line (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of industry tends to take a great deal of time to shift the resources of production to respond to price changes?

<p>Those that rely on large capital outlays (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What increases the elasticity of supply for most goods and services?

<p>Time (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under which condition is supply said to be inelastic?

<p>When a change in price leads to a relatively smaller change in quantity supplied. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines how elastic a supply is?

<p>The ease of changing production to respond to price change. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the likely outcome when Manju opens a successful Indian restaurant in her city?

<p>More Indian restaurants will open in the city. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the carmaker most likely to do in response to the foreign country's tax on rubber exports?

<p>Switch to alternative materials for tires. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Manju's success on the number of producers in the restaurant business?

<p>The number of producers will increase. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the likely effect of the foreign country's tax on rubber exports on the carmaker's business?

<p>The carmaker's business will contract. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of achieving efficiency in production?

<p>To produce the maximum amount of goods and services possible (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between microeconomics and macroeconomics?

<p>Microeconomics studies individuals, families, and businesses, while macroeconomics studies the economy as a whole (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating interest earned in the first year?

<p>Principal * Interest rate = interest earned (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the law of increasing opportunity costs?

<p>States that as production switches from one product to another, increasing amounts of resources are needed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an economic model?

<p>A simple representation of economic forces (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of marginal benefit?

<p>The additional satisfaction from using one more unit of a product (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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