Microeconomics: Demand, Supply, and Equilibrium
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Questions and Answers

What is the Law of Demand?

The Law of Demand states that as the price of a good increases, the quantity demanded decreases, ceteris paribus.

What is a Demand Curve?

A Demand Curve is a graphical representation of the relationship between the price of a good and the quantity demanded.

What are the factors that affect Demand?

The factors that affect demand are the price of the good, income of consumers, prices of related goods, tastes and preferences, and population and demographics.

What is the Law of Supply?

<p>The Law of Supply states that as the price of a good increases, the quantity supplied also increases, ceteris paribus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a Supply Curve?

<p>A Supply Curve is a graphical representation of the relationship between the price of a good and the quantity supplied.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the factors that affect Supply?

<p>The factors that affect supply are the price of the good, production costs, technology and productivity, expectations of future prices, and government policies and regulations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between Direct Demand and Derived Demand?

<p>Direct Demand is the demand for a good for its own sake, while Derived Demand is the demand for a good because of its use in producing another good.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Equilibrium Price?

<p>The Equilibrium Price is the price at which the quantity demanded equals the quantity supplied.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Equilibrium Quantity?

<p>The Equilibrium Quantity is the quantity traded at the equilibrium price.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Disequilibrium?

<p>Disequilibrium is a situation where the quantity demanded does not equal the quantity supplied.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Demand

  • Law of Demand: As the price of a good increases, the quantity demanded decreases, ceteris paribus (all other things being equal).
  • Demand Curve: A graphical representation of the relationship between the price of a good and the quantity demanded.
  • Factors Affecting Demand:
    • Price of the good
    • Income of consumers
    • Prices of related goods
    • Tastes and preferences
    • Population and demographics
  • Types of Demand:
    • Direct Demand: Demand for a good for its own sake (e.g., food)
    • Derived Demand: Demand for a good because of its use in producing another good (e.g., labor in manufacturing)

Supply

  • Law of Supply: As the price of a good increases, the quantity supplied also increases, ceteris paribus.
  • Supply Curve: A graphical representation of the relationship between the price of a good and the quantity supplied.
  • Factors Affecting Supply:
    • Price of the good
    • Production costs
    • Technology and productivity
    • Expectations of future prices
    • Government policies and regulations
  • Types of Supply:
    • Individual Supply: The supply of a single firm or individual
    • Market Supply: The total supply of all firms in a market

Equilibrium

  • Equilibrium Price: The price at which the quantity demanded equals the quantity supplied.
  • Equilibrium Quantity: The quantity traded at the equilibrium price.
  • Disequilibrium: A situation where the quantity demanded does not equal the quantity supplied.
    • Surplus: A situation where the quantity supplied exceeds the quantity demanded.
    • Shortage: A situation where the quantity demanded exceeds the quantity supplied.

Shifts in Demand and Supply

  • Shift in Demand:
    • An increase in demand: a rightward shift of the demand curve
    • A decrease in demand: a leftward shift of the demand curve
  • Shift in Supply:
    • An increase in supply: a rightward shift of the supply curve
    • A decrease in supply: a leftward shift of the supply curve

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Description

Test your understanding of the fundamentals of microeconomics, including the laws of demand and supply, factors affecting demand and supply, types of demand and supply, and equilibrium. Learn how to analyze shifts in demand and supply curves and understand the concepts of surplus and shortage.

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