Microbiology Quiz on Microorganisms

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Questions and Answers

What does the term microbe refer to?

Microorganism

What is the study of microorganisms called?

Macrobiology

Microbiology (correct)

Microscopic

Micrology

What is the name of the microorganism that causes anthrax?

Bacillus anthracis

What is the name of the microorganism that causes Lyme disease?

Borrelia burgdorferi Signup and view all the answers

What type of microorganism does not have a true nucleus?

Prokaryote (A) Signup and view all the answers

All living organisms are cellular.

True (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the cell membrane?

The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell and is essential for the cell's survival. It performs vital functions, such as protecting the cell, transporting nutrients, and facilitating cell-to-cell recognition. Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main types of cells?

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which bacteria reproduce?

Binary fission Signup and view all the answers

What are the four phases of bacterial growth in a lab setting?

Lag, Log, Stationary, Death (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the scientist who developed the Germ Theory?

Robert Koch (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the process in which a virus transfers genetic material from one bacterium to another?

Transduction Signup and view all the answers

Antibiotics are effective in treating viral infections.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name given to the protective layer that some bacteria produce around their cell wall?

Capsule Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the process by which a cell takes in substances from its external environment?

Endocytosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the process by which a cell releases substances into the external environment?

Exocytosis Signup and view all the answers

What are the main categories of bacterial morphology?

Cocci, Bacilli, Spirilla (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the common name for a rod-shaped bacterium?

Bacillus Signup and view all the answers

Sterilization involves the complete destruction of all microorganisms, including spores.

True (A) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Introduction to General Microbiology

Microbiology is the study of microorganisms, which are tiny living things.
An organism takes in food for energy and nutrients, expels waste, and reproduces.
Microorganisms are too small to see with the naked eye, but visible with a microscope.

I.1 Types of Microorganisms

Pathogenic microorganisms cause infection in humans, other animals, and plants.
Yersinia pestis caused the Black Plague and killed over 25 million Europeans.
This bacterium first infected fleas carried by rats.
Fleas then bit humans, transmitting the disease through the blood stream.
Non-pathogenic microorganisms help maintain homeostasis in bodies.
Flora in the intestines aid in digestion.
Flora plays a part in producing vitamins B and K.
Flora breaks down large molecules into smaller parts.

I.2 Branches of Microbiology

Bacteriology is the study of bacteria which are prokaryotes, single-celled organisms lacking a true nucleus.
Many bacteria absorb nutrients from their environment, some use photosynthesis.
Bacteria can move freely or be stationary.
Bacteria are found on land and in aquatic environments, also in decaying matter.
Some bacteria cause diseases( Bacillus anthracis causes anthrax).
Virology is the study of viruses which are submicroscopic parasitic entities composed of nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat. Viruses use other organisms for sustenance
Viruses are not made of cells.
Viruses cause chicken pox( varicella-zoster virus).
Mycology is the study of fungi, eukaryotic microorganisms that absorb nutrients from their environment.
Fungi do not use photosynthesis
Examples include yeast and molds.
Tinea pedis also known as athletes foot is cause by fungus.
Phycology is the study of algae, eukaryotic photosynthetic microorganisms that convert sunlight into nutrients.
Algae have a nucleus, cytoplasm and organelles.
Protozoology is the study of protozoa, animal-like single-celled microorganisms that live in aquatic and terrestrial environments.
Many obtain food by engulfing other smaller organisms.
Example of protozoa is Amoeba proteus.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the fascinating world of microorganisms with this microbiology quiz. Covering topics like microbial diseases, cellular structures, and bacterial reproduction, this quiz will challenge your understanding of essential microbiological concepts. Perfect for students studying microbiology or anyone interested in the science of microbes.