Microbiology: Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the most outstanding feature observed in eukaryotic cells?

  • True nucleus surrounded by a membrane (correct)
  • Presence of surface appendages
  • Presence of a nucleoid
  • Lack of a membrane-bound nucleus

What is the major structural difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

  • Presence of a true nucleus in eukaryotes (correct)
  • Different cell morphologies
  • Surface appendages
  • Presence of a nucleoid in prokaryotes

What is suspended in the portion of nuclear region in prokaryotic cells?

  • True nucleus
  • Nucleoid (correct)
  • Surface appendages
  • DNA fibrils

What characterizes prokaryotic cells based on staining results?

<p>Cell wall chemistry (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What lacks a limiting membrane in bacterial cells?

<p>Nucleoid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What forms the basis for classifying cells into eukaryotic and prokaryotic categories?

<p>Presence of a true nucleus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What stains the DNA to visualize the nucleoid of a bacterial cell under a light microscope?

<p>Feulgen staining (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic shape describes a comma-shaped bacterial cell?

<p>Spiral (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average size of bacilli (rod-shaped bacteria)?

<p>0.5-1.0 µm wide X 1.0-4.0 µm long (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two configurations of the glycocalyx layers beyond the bacterial cell wall?

<p>Capsule and slime layer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterial structure prevents phagocytosis?

<p>Glycocalyx capsule (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the molecular weight of the single, continuous DNA molecule in the bacterial nucleoid?

<p>$3 X 10^{9}$ Dalton (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are most bacteria measured?

<p>$10^{-6}$ m (microns) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average length of bacterial cells?

<p>1-2 µm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure containing a single chromosome in a bacterial cell?

<p>Nucleoid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is used by bacteria to attach and allows capsules to prevent phagocytosis?

<p>Extracellular polysaccharide from the glycocalyx layer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

<p>Presence of a true nucleus in eukaryotic cells and absence of a membrane-bound nucleus in prokaryotic cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic shapes describe the morphology of prokaryotic cells?

<p>Shape and arrangement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinguishing feature of the bacterial nucleoid?

<p>Lacks a limiting membrane (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the major basis for classifying cells into eukaryotic and prokaryotic categories?

<p>Presence or absence of a true nucleus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes prokaryotic cells based on staining results?

<p>Based on staining result (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is suspended in the portion of nuclear region in prokaryotic cells?

<p>Nucleoid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate molecular weight of the single, continuous DNA molecule in the bacterial nucleoid?

<p>3 X 10^9 Dalton (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the length of the unfold nuclear DNA in bacterial cells compared to the average length of bacterial cells?

<p>1 mm compared to 2 µm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the range in size of bacterial cells, measured in microns (µm)?

<p>1.0-1.3 µm X 3-10 µm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the most common microscopic morphologies of bacteria?

<p>Rod-shaped and comma-shaped (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three forms of spiral bacteria?

<p>Curved, thick, and thin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two configurations of glycocalyx layers beyond the cell wall in bacteria?

<p>Capsule and slime layer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What allows bacterial cells to attach and prevents phagocytosis?

<p>&quot;Neatly organized&quot; glycocalyx layer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinguishing feature of the bacterial nucleoid?

<p>&quot;Single chromosome&quot; structure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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