Podcast
Questions and Answers
The process of passing all of one's genome from a parent to its offspring is known as ______ gene transfer.
The process of passing all of one's genome from a parent to its offspring is known as ______ gene transfer.
vertical
Gram-positive bacteria are characterized by having a thick ______ cell wall.
Gram-positive bacteria are characterized by having a thick ______ cell wall.
peptidoglycan
A type of bond that introduces kinks into fatty acid chains, thereby increasing membrane fluidity, is the ________ bond.
A type of bond that introduces kinks into fatty acid chains, thereby increasing membrane fluidity, is the ________ bond.
cis unsaturated
During bacterial cell division, a new cell wall, known as a ________, forms between the daughter cells.
During bacterial cell division, a new cell wall, known as a ________, forms between the daughter cells.
A cell with flagella distributed all across its surface is described as ________.
A cell with flagella distributed all across its surface is described as ________.
[Blank] are membrane proteins specifically designed to facilitate the transport of water and other small polar molecules across cell membranes.
[Blank] are membrane proteins specifically designed to facilitate the transport of water and other small polar molecules across cell membranes.
To maintain cells in exponential phase indefinitely, a ________ culture system is used, providing constant inflow and outflow of nutrients and waste.
To maintain cells in exponential phase indefinitely, a ________ culture system is used, providing constant inflow and outflow of nutrients and waste.
The term ________ refers to the natural or intrinsic fluorescence of cells or media, not from added dyes or tags.
The term ________ refers to the natural or intrinsic fluorescence of cells or media, not from added dyes or tags.
Flashcards
Vertical Gene Transfer
Vertical Gene Transfer
Passing all of one's genome from parent to offspring.
Gram-positive bacteria
Gram-positive bacteria
Bacteria with a thick peptidoglycan cell wall that stains purple.
Septum (in bacteria)
Septum (in bacteria)
New cell wall that forms between daughter bacterial cells during division.
Aquaporins
Aquaporins
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Continuous culture (Chemostat)
Continuous culture (Chemostat)
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Divisome
Divisome
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Selective media
Selective media
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Lag phase
Lag phase
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Study Notes
- Vertical gene transfer is the process of passing all of one's genome from a parent to its offspring.
- Gram-positive bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan cell wall.
- Membrane fluidity is increased by cis unsaturated (double) bonds.
- The septum is the new cell wall that forms between daughter bacterial cells.
- Peritrichous refers to a cell with flagella distributed all across its surface.
- Aquaporins are membrane proteins that transport water and other small polar molecules.
- Continuous culture (chemostat) with constant inflow and outflow is a method to grow cells perpetually in exponential phase.
- Vibrionales species are found within the gamma proteobacteria phylum.
- Autofluorescence is the native fluorescence of cells or media, not from an added dye or tag.
- The divisome is a collection of proteins that manage cell division.
- Twitching is a form of bacterial motility dependent on pili.
- Selective media favors the growth of one organism over another.
- A hypotonic environment has lower solute concentrations compared to the inside of the cell.
- Cell fractionation uses centrifugal force to quantify cellular macromolecules and components.
- Molecular clock refers to temporal information contained in a macromolecular sequence, used to infer time when organisms diverged.
- Antisepsis is the process of removing pathogens from the surface of living tissues.
- The three domains of life are bacteria, eukarya, and archaea.
- Reverse gyrase is an enzyme archaea use to overwind DNA.
- An autoclave is a device that kills microbes with a combination of heat and pressure.
- Horizontal gene transfer is the transfer of genes via transposable elements, bacteriophages, and plasmids.
- Pseudopeptidoglycan are archaeal cell wall components that resemble peptidoglycan but are resistant to antibiotics.
- Stromatolites are a mass of layered limestone accreted by microbial mats.
- The Archaean eon, ~2.5-4 Gyr ago, is when we have the earliest evidence of microbial life.
- Biocontrol is the use of one microbe to control the growth of another.
- Spirochetes belong to the bacteria domain of life.
- Binary fission is the process of bacterial cell division.
- Electron microscopy uses electron beams to resolve cells and cellular components.
- Electrons have a shorter wavelength (than visible light).
- If 1 cell becomes 16 after 2 hours, the doubling time is 30 minutes.
- The lag phase is the growth phase where cells are adapting to a new environment and preparing to divide.
- Acidophiles are bacteria that grow at a pH of 0-5.
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