Microbiology History and Importance Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Who is credited with beginning to make and use simple microscopes to study tiny organisms?

  • Mindy Miller-Kittrell
  • Bryan Lloyd P. Bretaña
  • RMicro Associate Professor II
  • Antoni van Leeuwenhoek (correct)
  • What did Antoni van Leeuwenhoek visualize when he examined water under his microscope?

  • Microorganisms (correct)
  • Plants
  • Rocks
  • Large animals
  • What were the tiny animals, fungi, algae, and single-celled protozoa visualized by Leeuwenhoek under his microscope called?

  • Microcreatures
  • Giantcells
  • Animalcules (correct)
  • Macroorganisms
  • By the end of the 19th century, what term was used to refer to the organisms visualized under microscopes like Leeuwenhoek's?

    <p>Microorganisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the types of organisms Antoni van Leeuwenhoek visualized under his microscope?

    <p>Plants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is now also used to refer to microorganisms, alongside 'microbes'?

    <p>'Microbes'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of serology?

    <p>Presence of chemicals and cells that fight infection in blood serum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who discovered penicillin, a significant milestone in chemotherapy?

    <p>Fleming</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern of immunology?

    <p>Studying the body's defenses against specific pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are many modern questions in microbiology related to genetics?

    <p>Genetics plays a crucial role in understanding microbial functions and evolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Domagk discover that became significant in chemotherapy?

    <p>Sulfa drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which locomotive structure is characterized by fewer, longer, and more whiplike extensions?

    <p>Flagella</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main way in which most protozoa reproduce?

    <p>Asexual reproduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of microorganism is categorized based on pigmentation and cell wall composition?

    <p>Algae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of cilia in protozoa?

    <p>Locomotion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic makes protozoa similar to animals?

    <p>Eukaryotic cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes flagella from cilia in terms of structure?

    <p>Flagella are fewer, longer, and more whiplike than cilia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What idea did Needham's experiments with beef gravy and infusions of plant material reinforce?

    <p>Animals could arise spontaneously</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the conclusion drawn by Spallanzani from his experiments that contradicted Needham's findings?

    <p>Needham failed to heat vials sufficiently to kill all microbes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Pasteur's experiments with 'swan-necked' flasks demonstrate when the flasks remained upright?

    <p>No microbial growth appeared</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the impact of tilting the 'swan-necked' flask in Pasteur's experiments?

    <p>The infusion became cloudy with microbes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Spallanzani believe was the reason for microbial growth in Needham's experiments?

    <p>Needham failed to heat vials sufficiently to kill all microbes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Pasteur's experiments demonstrate about spontaneous generation of microorganisms?

    <p>'Swan-necked' flasks ensure sterile conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were the four main questions that scientists searched for answers to during the Golden Age of Microbiology?

    <p>Is spontaneous generation of microbial life possible? What causes fermentation? What causes disease? How can we prevent infection and disease?</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who proposed the theory of spontaneous generation, suggesting that living things can arise from nonliving matter?

    <p>Aristotle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of Redi's experiments involving decaying meat and flies?

    <p>Maggots never developed on isolated meat kept away from flies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process did some philosophers and scientists of the past believe living things arose from?

    <p>Asexual reproduction, sexual reproduction, and nonliving matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What led scientists to begin doubting Aristotle's theory of spontaneous generation?

    <p>Maggots developing on meat exposed to flies but not on isolated meat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientist conducted experiments that directly challenged Aristotle's theory of spontaneous generation?

    <p>Redi</p> Signup and view all the answers

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