Microbiology History and Importance Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Who is credited with beginning to make and use simple microscopes to study tiny organisms?

  • Mindy Miller-Kittrell
  • Bryan Lloyd P. Bretaña
  • RMicro Associate Professor II
  • Antoni van Leeuwenhoek (correct)

What did Antoni van Leeuwenhoek visualize when he examined water under his microscope?

  • Microorganisms (correct)
  • Plants
  • Rocks
  • Large animals

What were the tiny animals, fungi, algae, and single-celled protozoa visualized by Leeuwenhoek under his microscope called?

  • Microcreatures
  • Giantcells
  • Animalcules (correct)
  • Macroorganisms

By the end of the 19th century, what term was used to refer to the organisms visualized under microscopes like Leeuwenhoek's?

<p>Microorganisms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the types of organisms Antoni van Leeuwenhoek visualized under his microscope?

<p>Plants (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term is now also used to refer to microorganisms, alongside 'microbes'?

<p>'Microbes' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of serology?

<p>Presence of chemicals and cells that fight infection in blood serum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who discovered penicillin, a significant milestone in chemotherapy?

<p>Fleming (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern of immunology?

<p>Studying the body's defenses against specific pathogens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are many modern questions in microbiology related to genetics?

<p>Genetics plays a crucial role in understanding microbial functions and evolution (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Domagk discover that became significant in chemotherapy?

<p>Sulfa drugs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which locomotive structure is characterized by fewer, longer, and more whiplike extensions?

<p>Flagella (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main way in which most protozoa reproduce?

<p>Asexual reproduction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of microorganism is categorized based on pigmentation and cell wall composition?

<p>Algae (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of cilia in protozoa?

<p>Locomotion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic makes protozoa similar to animals?

<p>Eukaryotic cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes flagella from cilia in terms of structure?

<p>Flagella are fewer, longer, and more whiplike than cilia. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What idea did Needham's experiments with beef gravy and infusions of plant material reinforce?

<p>Animals could arise spontaneously (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the conclusion drawn by Spallanzani from his experiments that contradicted Needham's findings?

<p>Needham failed to heat vials sufficiently to kill all microbes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Pasteur's experiments with 'swan-necked' flasks demonstrate when the flasks remained upright?

<p>No microbial growth appeared (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of tilting the 'swan-necked' flask in Pasteur's experiments?

<p>The infusion became cloudy with microbes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Spallanzani believe was the reason for microbial growth in Needham's experiments?

<p>Needham failed to heat vials sufficiently to kill all microbes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Pasteur's experiments demonstrate about spontaneous generation of microorganisms?

<p>'Swan-necked' flasks ensure sterile conditions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the four main questions that scientists searched for answers to during the Golden Age of Microbiology?

<p>Is spontaneous generation of microbial life possible? What causes fermentation? What causes disease? How can we prevent infection and disease? (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who proposed the theory of spontaneous generation, suggesting that living things can arise from nonliving matter?

<p>Aristotle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of Redi's experiments involving decaying meat and flies?

<p>Maggots never developed on isolated meat kept away from flies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process did some philosophers and scientists of the past believe living things arose from?

<p>Asexual reproduction, sexual reproduction, and nonliving matter (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What led scientists to begin doubting Aristotle's theory of spontaneous generation?

<p>Maggots developing on meat exposed to flies but not on isolated meat (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scientist conducted experiments that directly challenged Aristotle's theory of spontaneous generation?

<p>Redi (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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