Microbiology Discoveries: Robert Koch and Ferdinand Cohn
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Questions and Answers

What did Cohn's discovery about boiling and sterilization suggest?

  • Boiling was an effective means of sterilization
  • Boiling was an unreliable method of sterilization (correct)
  • Boiling killed only the vegetative cells, not the endospores
  • Boiling killed all forms of Bacillus bacteria
  • What did Pasteur's experiments demonstrate about the origins of microorganisms in decaying matter?

  • Microorganisms in decaying matter arise from contamination of the food
  • Microorganisms spontaneously generate in decaying matter
  • Microorganisms in decaying matter come from the air (correct)
  • Microorganisms in decaying matter have no relation to those in the air
  • What was the key contribution of Robert Koch to microbiology?

  • Developing the endospore formation process
  • Developing criteria to prove the cause of a disease (correct)
  • Disproving the theory of spontaneous generation
  • Discovering the genus Bacillus
  • What was the significance of Pasteur's swan-necked flask experiment?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the impact of the progress in microbiology during the 19th century?

    <p>Pure culture microbiology became the dominant approach (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following was NOT a key contribution of Louis Pasteur to microbiology?

    <p>Developing criteria to prove the cause of a disease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientist is credited with obtaining the first pure cultures of many soil and waterborne microorganisms using the enrichment culture technique?

    <p>Martinus Beijerinck (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the key principles of Koch's postulates for establishing the causative relationship between a microorganism and a disease?

    <p>The microorganism must be able to spontaneously generate from non-living matter. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientist is credited with proposing the term 'chemolithotrophy' to describe the relationship between the oxidation of inorganic substances and energy production?

    <p>Sergei Winogradsky (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientist is credited with explaining the basic principles of virology by showing that the infectious agent responsible for tobacco mosaic disease was not a bacterium, but a new type of infectious agent that needed a living host to multiply?

    <p>Martinus Beijerinck (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientist is credited with disproving the theory of spontaneous generation and establishing that microorganisms can only arise from pre-existing microorganisms?

    <p>Louis Pasteur (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientist is credited with developing the Koch's postulates, a set of four criteria used to establish a causative relationship between a microorganism and a disease?

    <p>Robert Koch (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following was a major challenge in growing the tuberculosis bacterium in the laboratory?

    <p>The bacterium contained high amounts of a waxy lipid in its cell wall (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technique did Robert Koch develop to observe the tuberculosis bacterium in lung tissue samples?

    <p>He used a new staining procedure to make the bacteria visible (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of Robert Koch's discovery of the tuberculosis bacterium?

    <p>It was recognized with the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two scientists are described as pioneering the transition to sub-branches of microbiology?

    <p>Martinus Beijerinck and Sergei Winogradsky (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key challenge faced by Robert Koch in culturing the tuberculosis bacterium?

    <p>Obtaining pure cultures of the bacterium was not easy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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