Microbiology Course Overview

The study of microscopic organisms, including bacteria, archaea, fungi, algae, protozoa, and viruses.

Tiny living things that include bacteria, archaea, fungi, algae, protozoa, and viruses.

The total mass of living microorganisms on Earth.

The use of microbes in different fields like medicine, agriculture, food production, environmental management, and biotechnology.

The use of microorganisms to develop medicines, vaccines, and other pharmaceuticals. The use of microbes in the medical field.

Microorganisms that are helpful to other organisms and humans.

The small percentage (< 1%) of microorganisms that cause diseases in humans and other organisms.

Microorganisms are found everywhere: soil, water, air, and even inside living organisms.

Bacteria growth stimulated by fertilizer spraying quickly breaks down oil pollution.

Certain microorganisms can break down toxic heavy metals, reducing pollution.

Microorganisms break down organic matter in sewage, producing cleaner water.

Microorganisms like Clostridium acetobutylicum produce biofuels like butanol.

Microorganisms produce enzymes used in various industries, like textiles and paper.

A group of archaea called methanogens produce methane gas through anaerobic metabolism.

Microorganisms ferment glucose from sources like sugar cane and corn to produce ethyl alcohol.

Microbes can process waste like household, animal, and cellulose waste to create ethanol and methane.

Genomics allows researchers to find valuable genes in microorganisms, leading to more industrial applications.

Synthetic biology designs new biological parts, devices, and systems using microorganisms, like bacteria and yeasts.

A scientist who is credited with discovering microorganisms using a simple microscope.

Tiny living organisms that can only be seen under a microscope

A microscope with a single lens, crucial in early microbiology.

Early scientist who observed and described mold-like structures using a microscope.

Robert Hooke's book, documenting his microscopic observations.

Akşemseddin's theory proposed diseases spread from person-to-person, and earth to person, via unseen living seeds.

Year Leeuwenhoek first observed bacteria and other microorganisms.

Year Robert Hooke observed mold-like structures.

Leeuwenhoek's term for the tiny animals he saw under his microscope.

A title given to Leeuwenhoek for his pioneering work on observing and cataloging microbes.

A flask with a curved neck designed to prevent contamination by microorganisms when exposed to air, but still allowing air exchange.

A vaccine developed in 1885 by Louis Pasteur that successfully prevented rabies, a deadly disease.

A scientific institute established with support from Sultan Abdul Hamid II, focusing on bacteriology and related research.

The Ottoman Sultan's investment in the Pasteur Institute, including financial support and recognition for Louis Pasteur's work.

The idea that microorganisms are the cause of some diseases.

The study of microorganisms, their characteristics, function, and impact on life.

The amount of gold given to Pasteur by Sultan Abdul Hamid II in recognition of his scientific contribution.

The mistaken belief that living organisms can arise from non-living matter.

Scientist who unintentionally supported the idea of spontaneous generation due to inadequate sterilization in his experiments with broth.

Scientist who challenged spontaneous generation, demonstrating that microorganisms were not created from nothing.

Louis Pasteur's experiments demonstrated that microorganisms come from existing microorganisms and debunked spontaneous generation completely.

A gradual heating method to eliminate both vegetative and spore-forming bacteria.

A method of sterilization using gradual heating to eliminate bacteria and spores.

Father of microbiology, he significantly advanced the concept of germ theory, linking microorganisms to disease.

Outdated theory that stated that the absence of oxygen killed microorganisms.

Glass tubes used to grow and contain bacteria

Microorganisms exist in vegetative and spore forms, some can survive high temperatures.