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Questions and Answers
Match the following actions of microbial control agents with their effects:
Match the following actions of microbial control agents with their effects:
Alteration of membrane permeability = Damage to nucleic acids Damage to proteins = Damage to nucleic acids Damage to nucleic acids = Alteration of membrane permeability
Match the following physical methods of microbial control with their descriptions:
Match the following physical methods of microbial control with their descriptions:
Heat = Lowest temperature at which all cells in a culture are killed in 10 min. Thermal death point (TDP) = Heat
Match the following methods of microbial control with their descriptions:
Match the following methods of microbial control with their descriptions:
Thermal death time (TDT) = Time to kill all cells in a culture Decimal reduction time (DRT) = Minutes to kill 90% of a population at a given temperature Autoclave = Sterilization method using steam under pressure Filtration = Method that removes microbes
Match the following physical methods of microbial control with their effects:
Match the following physical methods of microbial control with their effects:
Match the following chemical disinfectants with their effects:
Match the following chemical disinfectants with their effects:
Match the following types of disinfectants with their descriptions:
Match the following types of disinfectants with their descriptions:
Match the following physical methods of microbial control with their equivalent treatments:
Match the following physical methods of microbial control with their equivalent treatments:
Match the following chemical disinfectants with their types:
Match the following chemical disinfectants with their types:
Match the following physical methods of microbial control with their primary effects:
Match the following physical methods of microbial control with their primary effects:
Match the following chemical disinfectants with their mechanism of action:
Match the following chemical disinfectants with their mechanism of action:
Match the following methods of microbial control with their specific applications:
Match the following methods of microbial control with their specific applications:
Match the following chemical disinfectants with their use in evaluating a disinfectant:
Match the following chemical disinfectants with their use in evaluating a disinfectant:
What is the primary difference between catabolism and anabolism?
What is the primary difference between catabolism and anabolism?
What determines the metabolic pathways in a cell?
What determines the metabolic pathways in a cell?
According to the laws of thermodynamics, what does the first law state?
According to the laws of thermodynamics, what does the first law state?
In a spontaneous (exergonic) reaction, what is the standard free energy change (ΔGo’)?
In a spontaneous (exergonic) reaction, what is the standard free energy change (ΔGo’)?
What is the primary function of photosynthesis in microbial metabolism?
What is the primary function of photosynthesis in microbial metabolism?
Which factor determines the change in free energy during a chemical reaction?
Which factor determines the change in free energy during a chemical reaction?
What is the sum of the chemical reactions in an organism known as?
What is the sum of the chemical reactions in an organism known as?
Which type of reaction is involved in the energy-releasing processes?
Which type of reaction is involved in the energy-releasing processes?
What determines the metabolic pathways in a cell?
What determines the metabolic pathways in a cell?
Which law of thermodynamics states that energy is neither created nor destroyed, but simply changes state?
Which law of thermodynamics states that energy is neither created nor destroyed, but simply changes state?
What does the second law of thermodynamics state about the order of a system?
What does the second law of thermodynamics state about the order of a system?
What is the equation for the change in free energy during a chemical reaction?
What is the equation for the change in free energy during a chemical reaction?
Which type of reaction is indicated by a negative ΔH?
Which type of reaction is indicated by a negative ΔH?
What is the function of electron carriers like NADH in biological systems?
What is the function of electron carriers like NADH in biological systems?
Which enzyme type is involved in the rearangement of atoms in a molecule?
Which enzyme type is involved in the rearangement of atoms in a molecule?
What is the primary function of coenzyme Q (Ubiquinone) in biological systems?
What is the primary function of coenzyme Q (Ubiquinone) in biological systems?
In which type of reaction is ATP generated by the phosphorylation of ADP?
In which type of reaction is ATP generated by the phosphorylation of ADP?
What is the role of competitive inhibitors in enzyme activity?
What is the role of competitive inhibitors in enzyme activity?
What effect does feedback inhibition have on metabolic pathways?
What effect does feedback inhibition have on metabolic pathways?
What characterizes an oxidation reaction in biological systems?
What characterizes an oxidation reaction in biological systems?
Which process utilizes energy released from the transfer of electrons to generate ATP?
Which process utilizes energy released from the transfer of electrons to generate ATP?
What can denature enzymes?
What can denature enzymes?
Which type of reaction involves the removal of atoms without hydrolysis?
Which type of reaction involves the removal of atoms without hydrolysis?
What is the function of electron carriers like NADH and NADPH?
What is the function of electron carriers like NADH and NADPH?
In which type of reaction are the electrons often associated with hydrogen atoms?
In which type of reaction are the electrons often associated with hydrogen atoms?
Which factor influences enzyme activity by binding to the active site and competing with the substrate?
Which factor influences enzyme activity by binding to the active site and competing with the substrate?
What is the role of ATP in the context of metabolism regulation?
What is the role of ATP in the context of metabolism regulation?
What is the function of oxidoreductase enzymes?
What is the function of oxidoreductase enzymes?
Which type of reaction involves the transfer of functional groups?
Which type of reaction involves the transfer of functional groups?
Which factor influences enzyme activity by binding to a site other than the active site, changing the shape of the enzyme, and reducing its activity?
Which factor influences enzyme activity by binding to a site other than the active site, changing the shape of the enzyme, and reducing its activity?
In which type of reaction does oxidation involve the removal of electrons?
In which type of reaction does oxidation involve the removal of electrons?
Which type of reaction involves the joining of molecules and uses ATP?
Which type of reaction involves the joining of molecules and uses ATP?
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