Microbiology Commercial Testing Methods Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a method for conducting and evaluating antimicrobial susceptibility testing?

  • Time-kill studies (correct)
  • Disk diffusion
  • Broth dilution
  • Agar dilution

Which method directly measures the activity of antimicrobial agents against a bacterial isolate?

  • Agar dilution
  • Time-kill studies
  • Broth dilution (correct)
  • Disk diffusion

Which method directly detects the presence of a specific resistance mechanism in a bacterial isolate?

  • Agar dilution
  • Broth dilution
  • Disk diffusion
  • β-Lactamase detection (correct)

Which method measures complex antimicrobial-organism interactions?

<p>Serum Bactericidal (Schlichter Test) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a conventional susceptibility testing method?

<p>E-test (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is used to detect and evaluate the accuracy of the used strategy in antimicrobial susceptibility testing?

<p>Predictor Antimicrobial Agents (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method of conventional testing uses a range of concentrations of antimicrobial agent in liquid environment?

<p>Broth Dilution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the broth volume used for microdilution testing?

<p>0.05 to 0.1 mL (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the standardized bacterial concentration in each microtiter well for microdilution testing?

<p>5 x 105 CFU/mL (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the internal control called 'Growth control' in conventional testing methods?

<p>Detect positive growth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the abbreviation 'MIC' stand for in conventional testing methods?

<p>Minimum Inhibition Concentration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which conventional testing method uses antibiotic disks on the surface of an agar plate seeded with bacteria?

<p>Disk Diffusion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is used to detect bactericidal activity of an antimicrobial agent?

<p>Time-kill Studies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a method for quality control of antimicrobial susceptibility tests?

<p>Consecutive testing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the interpretation of a 1000-fold decrease in the number of viable bacteria in the antibiotic-containing broth after a 24-hour period, compared with the number of bacteria in the original inoculum?

<p>Bactericidal activity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of serum-bactericidal testing (SBT)/Schlichter Test?

<p>To detect bactericidal activity of an antimicrobial agent (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most commonly used method for determining the rate of killing of bacteria over time?

<p>Time-kill Studies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of antibiograms?

<p>To determine the overall antimicrobial susceptibility profile of an organism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is most commonly used to test for the presence of β-lactamase enzymes?

<p>Chromogenic cephalosporinase test (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the D-test in the context of macrolide-lincosamide-streptograminB resistance?

<p>To distinguish between efflux and iMLSB mechanisms of resistance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gene is responsible for intrinsic resistance to vancomycin in motile and pigmented Enterococcal species?

<p>van C gene (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Carba NP test?

<p>To detect the presence of carbapenemase production in Enterobacteriaceae (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which resistance mechanism is associated with the presence of the erm gene?

<p>iMLSB mechanism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method directly measures the activity of antimicrobial agents against a bacterial isolate?

<p>Phenotypic methods (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method combines the convenience of disk diffusion with the ability to generate MIC data?

<p>Diffusion in Agar Derivations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which system uses optical readings every 15 minutes to measure the amount of light transmitted through each well to derive the MIC data?

<p>Vitek 2 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which system provides susceptibility results in 3.5 to 5.5 hours by using the degradation of fluorogenic substrates by viable bacteria?

<p>MicroScan WalkAway (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which system uses a redox indicator system to monitor growth and can perform supplemental testing such as the confirmatory extended spectrum beta-lactamase test for E. coli?

<p>Phoenix (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method can be used to detect oxacillin resistance in S. aureus and S. lugdunensis by growth in 4µg/ml cefoxitin?

<p>Broth dilution method (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do inhibitory zones of ≤ 21 mm indicate in the context of oxacillin resistance in S. aureus and S. lugdunensis?

<p>Oxacillin resistance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is used to detect the presence of β-lactamase enzymes?

<p>Disk diffusion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Carba NP test?

<p>To detect carbapenemase production (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the abbreviation 'MIC' stand for in conventional testing methods?

<p>Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which system uses optical readings every 15 minutes to measure the amount of light transmitted through each well to derive the MIC data?

<p>Automated antimicrobial susceptibility testing systems (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which conventional testing method uses antibiotic disks on the surface of an agar plate seeded with bacteria?

<p>Disk diffusion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is used to detect and evaluate the accuracy of the used strategy in antimicrobial susceptibility testing?

<p>Predictor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is used to detect the presence of the mecA gene in bacteria?

<p>Nucleic acid hybridization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the D-test in the context of macrolide-lincosamide-streptograminB resistance?

<p>To distinguish between efflux and iMLSB mechanisms of resistance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which resistance mechanism is associated with the presence of the vanA or vanB gene?

<p>Acquired resistance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is used to detect carbapenemase production in species belonging to Enterobacteriaceae, P. aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter?

<p>Carba NP test (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is most commonly used to test for the presence of β-lactamase enzymes?

<p>Chromogenic cephalosporinase test (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method directly measures the activity of antimicrobial agents against a bacterial isolate?

<p>Disc diffusion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is commonly used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of an antimicrobial agent in a liquid environment?

<p>Broth dilution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is NOT suitable for testing slow-growing organisms such as mycobacteria and anaerobes?

<p>Disk diffusion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the internal control called 'Growth control' in conventional testing methods?

<p>To detect positive growth in the absence of an antimicrobial agent (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the D-test in the context of macrolide-lincosamide-streptograminB resistance?

<p>To detect the presence of a specific resistance mechanism in a bacterial isolate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the abbreviation 'MIC' stand for in conventional testing methods?

<p>Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the standardized bacterial concentration in each microtiter well for microdilution testing?

<p>5 x 10^5 CFU/mL (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is used to detect bactericidal activity of an antimicrobial agent?

<p>Time-kill Studies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the interpretation of a 1000-fold decrease in the number of viable bacteria in the antibiotic-containing broth after a 24-hour period, compared with the number of bacteria in the original inoculum?

<p>Bactericidal activity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a method for quality control of antimicrobial susceptibility tests?

<p>Periodic testing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Carba NP test?

<p>To detect the presence of carbapenemase enzymes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method measures complex antimicrobial-organism interactions?

<p>Serum-bactericidal testing (SBT)/Schlichter Test (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which system uses a redox indicator system to monitor growth and can perform supplemental testing such as the confirmatory extended spectrum beta-lactamase test for E. coli?

<p>VITEK 2 system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method combines the convenience of disk diffusion with the ability to generate MIC data?

<p>Diffusion in Agar Derivations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which system provides susceptibility results in 3.5 to 5.5 hours by using the degradation of fluorogenic substrates by viable bacteria?

<p>MicroScan WalkAway system (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the D-test in the context of macrolide-lincosamide-streptograminB resistance?

<p>To detect inducible clindamycin resistance in Staphylococcus species (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method can be used to detect oxacillin resistance in S. aureus and S. lugdunensis by growth in 4µg/ml cefoxitin?

<p>Broth microdilution method (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which system uses optical readings every 15 minutes to measure the amount of light transmitted through each well to derive the MIC data?

<p>Vitek Legacy and Vitek 2 systems (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do inhibitory zones of ≤ 21 mm indicate in the context of oxacillin resistance in S. aureus and S. lugdunensis?

<p>Presence of oxacillin (or methicillin) resistance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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