Microbiology Commercial Testing Methods Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a method for conducting and evaluating antimicrobial susceptibility testing?

  • Time-kill studies (correct)
  • Disk diffusion
  • Broth dilution
  • Agar dilution

    • Which method directly measures the activity of antimicrobial agents against a bacterial isolate?

  • Agar dilution
  • Time-kill studies
  • Broth dilution (correct)
  • Disk diffusion

    • Which method directly detects the presence of a specific resistance mechanism in a bacterial isolate?

  • Agar dilution
  • Broth dilution
  • Disk diffusion
  • β-Lactamase detection (correct)

    • Which method measures complex antimicrobial-organism interactions?

    <p>Serum Bactericidal (Schlichter Test)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a conventional susceptibility testing method?

    <p>E-test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is used to detect and evaluate the accuracy of the used strategy in antimicrobial susceptibility testing?

    <p>Predictor Antimicrobial Agents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method of conventional testing uses a range of concentrations of antimicrobial agent in liquid environment?

    <p>Broth Dilution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the broth volume used for microdilution testing?

    <p>0.05 to 0.1 mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the standardized bacterial concentration in each microtiter well for microdilution testing?

    <p>5 x 105 CFU/mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the internal control called 'Growth control' in conventional testing methods?

    <p>Detect positive growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the abbreviation 'MIC' stand for in conventional testing methods?

    <p>Minimum Inhibition Concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which conventional testing method uses antibiotic disks on the surface of an agar plate seeded with bacteria?

    <p>Disk Diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is used to detect bactericidal activity of an antimicrobial agent?

    <p>Time-kill Studies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a method for quality control of antimicrobial susceptibility tests?

    <p>Consecutive testing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the interpretation of a 1000-fold decrease in the number of viable bacteria in the antibiotic-containing broth after a 24-hour period, compared with the number of bacteria in the original inoculum?

    <p>Bactericidal activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of serum-bactericidal testing (SBT)/Schlichter Test?

    <p>To detect bactericidal activity of an antimicrobial agent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most commonly used method for determining the rate of killing of bacteria over time?

    <p>Time-kill Studies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of antibiograms?

    <p>To determine the overall antimicrobial susceptibility profile of an organism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is most commonly used to test for the presence of β-lactamase enzymes?

    <p>Chromogenic cephalosporinase test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the D-test in the context of macrolide-lincosamide-streptograminB resistance?

    <p>To distinguish between efflux and iMLSB mechanisms of resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gene is responsible for intrinsic resistance to vancomycin in motile and pigmented Enterococcal species?

    <p>van C gene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Carba NP test?

    <p>To detect the presence of carbapenemase production in Enterobacteriaceae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which resistance mechanism is associated with the presence of the erm gene?

    <p>iMLSB mechanism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method directly measures the activity of antimicrobial agents against a bacterial isolate?

    <p>Phenotypic methods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method combines the convenience of disk diffusion with the ability to generate MIC data?

    <p>Diffusion in Agar Derivations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system uses optical readings every 15 minutes to measure the amount of light transmitted through each well to derive the MIC data?

    <p>Vitek 2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system provides susceptibility results in 3.5 to 5.5 hours by using the degradation of fluorogenic substrates by viable bacteria?

    <p>MicroScan WalkAway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system uses a redox indicator system to monitor growth and can perform supplemental testing such as the confirmatory extended spectrum beta-lactamase test for E. coli?

    <p>Phoenix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method can be used to detect oxacillin resistance in S. aureus and S. lugdunensis by growth in 4µg/ml cefoxitin?

    <p>Broth dilution method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do inhibitory zones of ≤ 21 mm indicate in the context of oxacillin resistance in S. aureus and S. lugdunensis?

    <p>Oxacillin resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is used to detect the presence of β-lactamase enzymes?

    <p>Disk diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Carba NP test?

    <p>To detect carbapenemase production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the abbreviation 'MIC' stand for in conventional testing methods?

    <p>Minimal Inhibitory Concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system uses optical readings every 15 minutes to measure the amount of light transmitted through each well to derive the MIC data?

    <p>Automated antimicrobial susceptibility testing systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which conventional testing method uses antibiotic disks on the surface of an agar plate seeded with bacteria?

    <p>Disk diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is used to detect and evaluate the accuracy of the used strategy in antimicrobial susceptibility testing?

    <p>Predictor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is used to detect the presence of the mecA gene in bacteria?

    <p>Nucleic acid hybridization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the D-test in the context of macrolide-lincosamide-streptograminB resistance?

    <p>To distinguish between efflux and iMLSB mechanisms of resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which resistance mechanism is associated with the presence of the vanA or vanB gene?

    <p>Acquired resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is used to detect carbapenemase production in species belonging to Enterobacteriaceae, P. aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter?

    <p>Carba NP test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is most commonly used to test for the presence of β-lactamase enzymes?

    <p>Chromogenic cephalosporinase test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method directly measures the activity of antimicrobial agents against a bacterial isolate?

    <p>Disc diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is commonly used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of an antimicrobial agent in a liquid environment?

    <p>Broth dilution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is NOT suitable for testing slow-growing organisms such as mycobacteria and anaerobes?

    <p>Disk diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the internal control called 'Growth control' in conventional testing methods?

    <p>To detect positive growth in the absence of an antimicrobial agent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the D-test in the context of macrolide-lincosamide-streptograminB resistance?

    <p>To detect the presence of a specific resistance mechanism in a bacterial isolate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the abbreviation 'MIC' stand for in conventional testing methods?

    <p>Minimum Inhibitory Concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the standardized bacterial concentration in each microtiter well for microdilution testing?

    <p>5 x 10^5 CFU/mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is used to detect bactericidal activity of an antimicrobial agent?

    <p>Time-kill Studies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the interpretation of a 1000-fold decrease in the number of viable bacteria in the antibiotic-containing broth after a 24-hour period, compared with the number of bacteria in the original inoculum?

    <p>Bactericidal activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a method for quality control of antimicrobial susceptibility tests?

    <p>Periodic testing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Carba NP test?

    <p>To detect the presence of carbapenemase enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method measures complex antimicrobial-organism interactions?

    <p>Serum-bactericidal testing (SBT)/Schlichter Test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system uses a redox indicator system to monitor growth and can perform supplemental testing such as the confirmatory extended spectrum beta-lactamase test for E. coli?

    <p>VITEK 2 system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method combines the convenience of disk diffusion with the ability to generate MIC data?

    <p>Diffusion in Agar Derivations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system provides susceptibility results in 3.5 to 5.5 hours by using the degradation of fluorogenic substrates by viable bacteria?

    <p>MicroScan WalkAway system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the D-test in the context of macrolide-lincosamide-streptograminB resistance?

    <p>To detect inducible clindamycin resistance in Staphylococcus species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method can be used to detect oxacillin resistance in S. aureus and S. lugdunensis by growth in 4µg/ml cefoxitin?

    <p>Broth microdilution method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system uses optical readings every 15 minutes to measure the amount of light transmitted through each well to derive the MIC data?

    <p>Vitek Legacy and Vitek 2 systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do inhibitory zones of ≤ 21 mm indicate in the context of oxacillin resistance in S. aureus and S. lugdunensis?

    <p>Presence of oxacillin (or methicillin) resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

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