Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary difference between communicable disease and contagious disease?
What is the primary difference between communicable disease and contagious disease?
- Communicable diseases are always harmful, while contagious diseases can sometimes be benign.
- Communicable diseases have no known cause, whereas contagious diseases are always caused by pathogens.
- Communicable diseases are generally less infectious than contagious diseases.
- Communicable diseases can be transmitted indirectly, while contagious diseases require direct contact. (correct)
Which term describes the relationship where one organism benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed?
Which term describes the relationship where one organism benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed?
- Symbiosis
- Commensalism (correct)
- Parasitism
- Mutualism
What impact does high herd immunity generally have on vulnerable populations?
What impact does high herd immunity generally have on vulnerable populations?
- It eliminates all risks for all unvaccinated individuals.
- It increases transmissibility among the vaccinated population.
- It has no effect on individuals with existing health conditions.
- It significantly reduces the risk for individuals who cannot be vaccinated. (correct)
In the context of disease reservoirs, what differentiates a carrier from a reservoir?
In the context of disease reservoirs, what differentiates a carrier from a reservoir?
What is microbial antagonism and how does it relate to antibiotic use?
What is microbial antagonism and how does it relate to antibiotic use?
What is the term for diseases that can be transmitted from animals to humans?
What is the term for diseases that can be transmitted from animals to humans?
Which of the following pairs are both forms of transmission mechanisms for diseases?
Which of the following pairs are both forms of transmission mechanisms for diseases?
Which stage of disease is characterized by the period when the first symptoms appear?
Which stage of disease is characterized by the period when the first symptoms appear?
In the context of epidemiology, what is analytical epidemiology primarily concerned with?
In the context of epidemiology, what is analytical epidemiology primarily concerned with?
What concept explains the protective effect that occurs when a significant portion of a population is immune to a disease?
What concept explains the protective effect that occurs when a significant portion of a population is immune to a disease?
Flashcards
Pathogen
Pathogen
An organism that causes disease.
Normal Microbiota
Normal Microbiota
Microorganisms that reside on and in a healthy human body without causing disease.
Microbial Antagonism
Microbial Antagonism
Competitive struggle between microorganisms in the same environment.
Communicable Disease
Communicable Disease
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Herd Immunity
Herd Immunity
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Etiology
Etiology
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Pathogenesis
Pathogenesis
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Infection vs. Disease
Infection vs. Disease
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Symbiosis
Symbiosis
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Identify the 5 stages of disease
Identify the 5 stages of disease
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Study Notes
Chapter 14 Learning Objectives
- Define pathogen, etiology, pathogenesis, infection, disease, and epidemiology.
- Define normal microbiota and transient microbiota.
- Summarize microbial antagonism (competitive exclusion) and its effect on normal microbiota. Discuss the effect of antibiotics on this.
- Relate symbiosis, commensalism, mutualism, and parasitism.
- Contrast symptoms and signs of disease.
- Compare communicable and contagious diseases.
- Describe "herd immunity" and evaluate effects of anti-vaccinations on various demographics (60-year-old, 2-year-old, infant, and immune-compromised 10-year-old). Consider both high and low herd immunity scenarios.
- Identify and describe the 5 stages of disease.
- Identify and describe living and non-living disease reservoirs, compare with disease carrier.
- Define: Zoonoses, direct contact, indirect contact, fomite.
- Compare vehicle and vector transmission of diseases and relate to mechanical and biological transmission.
- Explain what epidemiological evidence could suggest about increases or decreases in disease (e.g., using graphs).
- Define descriptive, analytical, and experimental epidemiology, and describe the contributions of key figures (John Snow, Ignaz Semmelweis, and Florence Nightingale).
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Description
Test your understanding of key concepts from Chapter 14 of microbiology. This quiz covers definitions of important terms such as pathogens, etiology, and herd immunity, while also exploring concepts like microbial antagonism and disease transmission. Assess your knowledge on the effects of vaccinations and disease stages.
