Microbiology Chapter 14 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT an example of symbiosis?

Microbe passing across the placenta to the fetus (correct)

Bacteria in the human colon

Tapeworm in the human intestine

Tuberculosis in the human lung

Protozoan in termites

Mutualism is a relationship...

That sometimes provides benefits for both members such that one or both parties cannot live without the other (correct)

Where one member of the relationship may kill the other

Where it's difficult to prove the benefits or disadvantages one member of the relationship may provide for the other

Where only one member derives benefit from the other

Where one member of the relationship benefits without hurting the other

The relationship between the fungus and the bacteria in a Petri dish would be best described as...

Commensalism

Parasitic

None, there is no relationship between the microbes

Synergistic

Amensal (correct)

The fungus Pneumocystis is best described as...

Both resident microbiota and opportunistic pathogen Signup and view all the answers

Chagas' disease is transmitted by a guy with mouthparts that penetrate blood vessels. Which type of exposure does this represent?

Parenteral route Signup and view all the answers

The close contact between newborns and family members allow them to become ________ with microbes that become established as their own microbiota.

colonized Signup and view all the answers

In which of the following do the mucous membranes serve as a portal of entry for disease?

A person rubs the eye with contaminated fingers and the pathogen is washed into the nasal cavity by way of tears Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements regarding the demonstration of the etiology of disease is false?

The suspect agent must be the only potential pathogen present in disease cases Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following situations might cause normal microbiota to become opportunistic pathogens?

Treatment of a cancer patient with radiation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered part of the indigenous microbiota of the female reproductive system?

Both Candida and Lactobacillus Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an exotoxin?

Neurotoxin Signup and view all the answers

Among the virulence factors produced by Staphylococcus aureus, which of these factors contributes to its ability to invade the body?

Hyaluronidase Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following stages of an infectious disease is the most severe?

Illness period Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Symbiosis and Microbial Relationships

Symbiosis includes relationships such as mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism; NOT all interactions are symbiotic.
Mutualism benefits both partners and can be essential for survival.
Amensalism occurs when one organism is inhibited or destroyed while the other remains unaffected.

Microbial Presence in Humans

Pneumocystis fungus is a resident microbiota but can act as an opportunistic pathogen, especially in immunocompromised individuals.
Newborns become colonized with microbes through close contact with family, establishing their microbiota.

Routes of Disease Transmission

Chagas' disease is an example of transmission via the parenteral route, where the pathogen penetrates blood vessels.
Mucous membranes can serve as entry points for pathogens, as seen when contaminants from fingers wash into the nasal cavity.

Etiology of Disease

Establishing disease causation involves four criteria: presence of the agent in all cases, ability to cause disease in a host, isolation and culturing it, and re-isolation from the infected host.
It is false that the suspect agent must be the only pathogen present in disease cases.

Normal Microbiota and Pathogenicity

Normal microbiota can become opportunistic pathogens under certain conditions, such as immunosuppression from cancer treatment.
Indigenous microbiota of the female reproductive system includes both Candida and lactobacillus, essential for maintaining health.

Toxins and Virulence Factors

Exotoxins include neurotoxins which are potent biological toxins released by bacteria.
Staphylococcus aureus utilizes hyaluronidase as a virulence factor to invade the body, amongst other factors.

Stages of Infectious Disease

The illness period is the most severe stage of infectious disease, characterized by pronounced symptoms and effects on the body.

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Description

Test your knowledge on symbiosis and mutualism with these flashcards from Microbiology Chapter 14. Each card presents key concepts and definitions to help reinforce your understanding of microbial relationships. Ideal for students preparing for exams or anyone looking to deepen their microbiology knowledge.