Questions and Answers
Allergies are classified as:
Which of the following acts as a proinflammatory factor?
Choose the false statement.
Which of the following scenarios is an example of a primary immunodeficiency?
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Which of the following is an example of an autoimmune disorder? (Select all that apply)
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Which of the following can cause primary immunodeficiencies?
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Which of the following is not a hallmark sign of primary immunodeficiencies?
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What two types of patients help demonstrate that cancer can be considered a failure of the immune system?
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Which of the following is not a proposed explanation for the development of autoimmunity?
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Autoimmune disorders are:
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Which of the following hypersensitivity classes is properly listed with its description?
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Study Notes
Allergies and Hypersensitivities
- Allergies are classified as Type I hypersensitivities, which involve an immediate immune response.
- Histamine acts as a proinflammatory factor, contributing to allergic reactions.
Immune Response Mechanisms
- Degranulation occurs when allergens bind to IgE on mast cells or basophils, resulting in allergic symptoms.
- IgG does not bind to mast cells and basophils, making the associated statement false.
Immunodeficiency Disorders
- Primary immunodeficiency is exemplified by conditions such as agammaglobulinemia, a genetic disorder leading to reduced antibody production.
- Acquired immunodeficiency, such as HIV-AIDS, illustrates that immunodeficiency can also occur later in life.
Autoimmune Disorders
- Examples of autoimmune disorders include:
- Rheumatic heart disease post-strep throat infection.
- Type I diabetes mellitus in juveniles.
- Guillain-Barré syndrome following Zika Virus infection.
- Autoimmune disorders result from the immune system attacking healthy tissues that should remain unharmed.
Causes of Immunodeficiencies
- Congenital immunodeficiency is a primary cause of primary immunodeficiencies, linked to genetic factors.
- Hallmark signs of primary immunodeficiencies include conditions that are uncommon, recurring, severe, and persistent, while acute is not considered a hallmark sign.
Cancer and Immune System Failure
- Transplant patients and HIV/AIDS patients demonstrate how cancer can signify a failure of the immune system due to compromised immunity.
Autoimmunity Development Factors
- Factors proposed to explain autoimmunity development include:
- Genetics
- Pathogen-related mimicry leading to the production of cross-reactive antibodies.
- Superantigens that improperly activate immune responses.
- Certain dietary antigens are not considered a primary cause of autoimmunity.
Classification of Hypersensitivity
- The hypersensitivity classifications and their descriptions include:
- Type III hypersensitivity is associated with immune complexes, leading to tissue damage.
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Description
Test your knowledge of allergies and their classifications with these flashcards from Microbiology Chapter 13. This quiz covers key concepts such as hypersensitivities and proinflammatory factors. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of immunology.
