Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the term for microorganisms that cause disease?
What is the term for microorganisms that cause disease?
What is the term for the condition in which pathogens have multiplied and destroyed many cells in body tissue?
What is the term for the condition in which pathogens have multiplied and destroyed many cells in body tissue?
What is the term for the technique that destroys more pathogens than medical asepsis?
What is the term for the technique that destroys more pathogens than medical asepsis?
What is the term for substances that threaten the health of living organisms?
What is the term for substances that threaten the health of living organisms?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the term for organisms that can directly cause human disease?
What is the term for organisms that can directly cause human disease?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the term for toxic or poisonous substances with a biological origin?
What is the term for toxic or poisonous substances with a biological origin?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the term for bacteria that are normally found in the body?
What is the term for bacteria that are normally found in the body?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the term for the technique of preventing the conditions that allow pathogens to live, multiply, and spread?
What is the term for the technique of preventing the conditions that allow pathogens to live, multiply, and spread?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the term for any substance that was produced by a living thing or was once a living thing?
What is the term for any substance that was produced by a living thing or was once a living thing?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the term for disease-causing microorganisms that can be found on the skin and can cause infection if they enter the body?
What is the term for disease-causing microorganisms that can be found on the skin and can cause infection if they enter the body?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary concern associated with biting or stinging insects?
What is the primary concern associated with biting or stinging insects?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the term 'Localized' refer to in the context of infections?
What does the term 'Localized' refer to in the context of infections?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the acronym SHARP used to remember?
What is the acronym SHARP used to remember?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the term for an infectious disease that has spread to multiple countries and affected a large portion of the population?
What is the term for an infectious disease that has spread to multiple countries and affected a large portion of the population?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the term for an infection acquired after admission to a healthcare facility?
What is the term for an infection acquired after admission to a healthcare facility?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary concern associated with the ability of microorganisms to develop resistance to antibiotics?
What is the primary concern associated with the ability of microorganisms to develop resistance to antibiotics?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following bacteria is resistant to Methicillin?
Which of the following bacteria is resistant to Methicillin?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary mode of transmission of Clostridium difficile?
What is the primary mode of transmission of Clostridium difficile?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the term for the highest level of exposure to a substance that a healthy person can tolerate without ill effects?
What is the term for the highest level of exposure to a substance that a healthy person can tolerate without ill effects?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary concern associated with Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci (VRE)?
What is the primary concern associated with Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci (VRE)?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary mode of transmission for the bacteria resistant to all antibiotics, including vancomycin?
What is the primary mode of transmission for the bacteria resistant to all antibiotics, including vancomycin?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary purpose of the Infection Prevention & Control Program?
What is the primary purpose of the Infection Prevention & Control Program?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the most common acquired infection in healthcare facilities?
What is the most common acquired infection in healthcare facilities?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary method of diagnosing Tuberculosis?
What is the primary method of diagnosing Tuberculosis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary method of transmission for drug-resistant gram-negative bacteria?
What is the primary method of transmission for drug-resistant gram-negative bacteria?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary factor that contributes to the growth of microorganisms?
What is the primary factor that contributes to the growth of microorganisms?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary purpose of the infection cycle?
What is the primary purpose of the infection cycle?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary mode of transmission for Hepatitis?
What is the primary mode of transmission for Hepatitis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary method of interrupting the infection cycle?
What is the primary method of interrupting the infection cycle?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary reservoir host for infectious agents?
What is the primary reservoir host for infectious agents?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Microorganisms and Infection
- Microorganisms are living things that can only be seen through a microscope
- Pathogens are disease-causing microorganisms
- Bacteria are microorganisms that may or may not be pathogens
- Normal Flora are bacteria normally found in the body
- Infection is a condition in body tissue where pathogens have multiplied and destroyed many cells
- Clean refers to being uncontaminated by harmful microorganisms
- Dirty refers to being contaminated by harmful microorganisms
- Asepsis is the absence of disease-causing organisms
Biological Hazards
- Biological hazards are substances that threaten the health of living organisms
- Examples of biological hazards include:
- Biological agents (bacteria, viruses, parasites, fungi)
- Biotoxins (toxic substances with a biological origin)
- Animal waste and products
- Organic matter (substance that used to be a living thing or was produced by a living thing)
- Biting or stinging insects
Infection Control
- Medical Asepsis is a technique that prevents the conditions that allow pathogens to live, multiply, and spread (also called clean technique)
- Surgical Asepsis is a technique that destroys more pathogens than medical asepsis (also called sterile technique)
- Normal flora can cause infection if it enters the body
- Biological hazards can be prevented through Due Diligence (doing everything reasonable to protect health and safety)
Types of Infections
- Localized infection: confined to one area, signs include swelling, redness, pain, loss of function, pus, and heat
- Generalized infection: spread throughout the body, signs include increased temperature, lethargy, and generalized pain
- Nosocomial Infection (HAI): infection acquired after admission to a health care facility
- Endemic: an infectious disease that spreads throughout an area, community, or country
- Outbreak: a more serious epidemic that has spread to a new area
- Epidemic: a rapid spread of an infectious disease that affects a large portion of the population
- Pandemic: a widespread epidemic that affects multiple countries and a large portion of the population
Diseases
- Tuberculosis (TB): respiratory illness diagnosed by a Mantoux test and chest x-ray and sputum cultures for AFB (acid-fast bacilli)
- Hepatitis: infection of the liver (Hep A, B, C)
- HIV: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (AIDS)
- Influenza
- Childhood communicable diseases (chicken pox, Rubella, Measles, Mumps, Whooping Cough, Polio)
Infection Cycle
- Infectious agent: any disease-causing organism (pathogen)
- Reservoir Host: places in which microorganisms can thrive and reproduce
- Portal of Exit: a place of exit for microorganisms to leave the reservoir
- Route of Transmission: direct contact, air, insects, etc.
- Portal of Entry: respiratory, gastrointestinal, urinary, and reproductive tracts
- Susceptible Host: people with suppressed immune systems
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Learn about microorganisms, pathogens, and the importance of asepsis in preventing infections. Understand the differences between clean, dirty, and normal flora in the human body.
