Microbiology Bacterial Growth Quiz

<p>Ribosomes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All strains have the same nutrient requirements. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Administration during low blood pressure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increase in serum sodium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mark, Mike, Molly, and Mary (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Serum glucose increase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Immediately after high-calorie meal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Excessive serum potassium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>John and Jane (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased serum Na+ levels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>separate species (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Speciation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Natural selection is occurring (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Decreased fitness of small-beaked birds, leading to speciation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Greater adaptability (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Its organs secrete hormones directly into the ducts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enhanced feeding ability in specific niches (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Active site (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It prevents gene flow between groups (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Commensalism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It reflects environmental changes over time (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased variety in beak lengths (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They enable organisms to adapt to their environments (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It results in the evolution of larger beaked birds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neuroendocrine signaling (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enhanced hunting efficiency for birds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bacterial growth would not be observed. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Colony 4 can grow with glucose only. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The unknown organism is a virus that infected the bacteria. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is capable of causing cellular lysis in the bacteria. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bacteria from the plaque area were all dead. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An arginine auxotroph. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Colony 1, 2, and 3. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bacteria are actively growing. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The concentration gradient of sucrose (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sucrose would diffuse into the distilled water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It drives the movement of molecules across the tubing. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>There would be no water movement across the tubing. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The timing of measurements was inconsistent. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The composition of the solutions in the tubes determines the net movement. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>No net movement of water would occur. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The tube with the higher sucrose concentration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process of evolution where a new species arises from an existing species.

A small part of an enzyme where a substrate binds.

A relationship where one organism benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed.

A type of biological control involving the use of organisms to control pests.

Hormones are chemical messengers that travel through the bloodstream.

A system that regulates and maintains a stable internal environment in an organism.

A change in the structure or function of an organism that makes it better suited to its environment.

The change in the genetic makeup of a population over time.

The growth of bacterial colonies on a nutrient plate.

A specific supplement added to the growth medium to see if it affects the growth of a bacteria.

A specific type of bacteria that displays unique characteristics.

A type of nutrient that is essential for the growth of some bacteria.

A simple sugar that is a common source of energy for many organisms.

A condition characterized by low blood pressure, often caused by factors like dehydration, blood loss, or medications.

The time period after consuming a meal.

The time period between meals.

A condition where there is a limited intake of calcium in the diet.

A condition where there is an excessive intake of calcium in the diet.

A substance administered intravenously, directly into the bloodstream.

The level of glucose present in the blood.

The level of sodium ions present in the blood.

When two groups of organisms are unable to interbreed, they are considered separate species. The inability to mate suggests significant evolutionary differences have occurred.

A niche refers to the specific role an organism plays within its ecosystem, including its habitat, food sources, and interactions with other species.

Evolutionary processes, like natural selection, can lead to changes in the average beak length of a bird population over time. This occurs when certain beak lengths are more advantageous for survival and reproduction.

The average beak length in Figure 1 is 30 mm. Simply add up the beak lengths of each bird and divide by the total number of birds.

The average beak length of the bird population in Figure 2 is 40 mm. This indicates a shift towards longer beaks over 200 years, suggesting evolutionary adaptations for survival and reproduction.

The average beak length would likely shift towards 40 mm, building upon the observed trend in Figure 2. Evolutionary pressures favor beak lengths that are advantageous for survival and reproduction in the environment.

Competition occurs when different species or organisms vie for the same limited resources, like food or habitat. In this case, birds with different beak lengths would compete for similar resources.

Predator-prey relationships involve one organism hunting and consuming another for food. Beak length can play a role in how efficiently a bird can capture prey.

A type of bacterial growth medium that is solid and supports the growth of colonies.

A clear area in a bacterial lawn where bacteria are not growing due to a substance like a virus or bactericide.

A bacterial strain that requires a specific supplement to grow.

To add an organism to a culture medium.

A method used to study bacterial growth by observing the growth of bacterial colonies on a plate.

A bacterial colony that cannot grow without a specific nutrient.

A type of microorganism that can infect and kill bacteria.

A substance that infects and kills bacteria, creating a plaque in a bacterial lawn.

The movement of water molecules across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration.

A type of membrane that allows certain molecules to pass through while blocking others.

The difference in concentration of a solute between two solutions.

The rate at which water moves across a semi-permeable membrane depends on the concentration gradient of the solute.

The solution with a higher concentration of solute compared to another solution.

The solution with a lower concentration of solute compared to another solution.

Two solutions with equal concentrations of solute.

The movement of molecules across a membrane from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.

A form of learning that occurs when an organism learns to ignore a stimulus that is not relevant to survival. Think of a bird in a city: it doesn't react to cars anymore.

A type of learning in which a neutral stimulus is paired with an unconditioned stimulus to elicit a conditioned response.

A form of learning in which an animal learns to associate a behavior with a reward or punishment. Think of a dog sitting on command.

The process by which a neutral stimulus is paired with a conditioned stimulus to elicit a conditioned response.

A complex, unlearned behavior that is characteristic of a species. Think of birds building nests or spiders spinning webs.

The process by which organisms produce offspring. Think of sexual reproduction.

The location of cellular respiration in prokaryotes. Think of the lack of mitochondria!

The end product of anaerobic metabolism in muscle cells. Think of what builds up in your muscles when you exercise!

The location of glycolysis in eukaryotes. Think of the cytoplasm!

The stage of meiosis during which genetic recombination (crossing over) occurs. Think of chromosomes swapping genes!

The stage of meiosis during which pairs of homologous chromosomes align at the center of the cell. Think of chromosomes lining up in pairs!

The stage of meiosis during which sister chromatids are separated. Think of chromosomes pulling apart!

The structure responsible for most digestion and absorption of nutrients in the digestive system. Think of where nutrients are absorbed!

The structure where starch digestion first takes place. Think of where food enters the digestive system!

The structure with the lowest pH in the digestive system. Think of the strongest acid in your body!

Structures that have similar underlying structures despite having different functions. Think of the arm of a human and the wing of a bat.

Evolutionary change in which similar structures arise in organisms that are not closely related. Think of the wings of a hummingbird and an insect.

A type of selection that favors organisms with traits closest to the average. Think of a population stabilizing around a specific trait.

The oxygen-carrying protein found in red blood cells. Think of what carries oxygen to your cells!

The RNA sequence that is transcribed from a DNA sequence. Think of the genetic code being copied!

A characteristic that sets arthropods apart from other animal groups. Think of the hard outer covering of a crab.

Functions of the kidneys in the human body. Think of what the kidneys do to filter waste and regulate blood.

A type of factor that is influenced by the density of a population. Think of competition for resources.

The best definition of a species. Think of what makes a group of organisms able to reproduce.

The location in an enzyme where a substrate binds and the chemical reaction takes place. Think of where the action happens on an enzyme.

The substances produced during the light reactions of photosynthesis. Think of what is made during the first stage of photosynthesis.

The reason why the graph of product formation levels off at high substrate concentrations. Think of the limits of enzyme activity.

The classification of an organism that feeds on both insects and berries. Think of a bird that eats both plants and animals.

The chemical formula of a monosaccharide. Think of the basic building block of carbohydrates.

The reason for the increase in average beak size in a bird population over time. Think of natural selection favoring certain traits.

The process through which a plant moves towards or away from a stimulus. Think of a plant growing towards light.

The hormone involved in ovulation. Think of the hormone spike before ovulation.

The day of the cycle when ovulation is most likely to occur. Think of the peak of a hormone.

The hormone that is secreted by the corpus luteum after ovulation. Think of the hormone that helps maintain pregnancy.

The process by which rapid cell division occurs after fertilization. Think of a zygote dividing into many cells.

The primary germ layer from which the nervous system develops. Think of the outer layer that gives rise to skin and the nervous system.

The process by which a barren community gradually develops into a stable ecosystem. Think of a forest developing over time.

The stable community of mature organisms at the end of succession. Think of a fully developed forest with diverse species.

The organisms that first colonize a barren area. Think of organisms that can survive in harsh conditions.

Substances that enhance urine production. Think of substances that make you go to the bathroom more often.

The purpose of ingesting plain water in the experiment on diuretics. Think of a baseline for comparison.

The most likely substance in the experiment that could be classified as a diuretic. Think of the substance that increases urine production significantly.

The reason Mark, Mike, Molly, and Mary do not display symptoms of hemophilia even though their father is a hemophiliac. Think of the inheritance pattern of X-linked disorders.

The probability that one of Mike's daughters' children will display symptoms of hemophilia. Think of how the hemophilia allele is passed down.

The individuals who are heterozygous for hemophilia. Think of those who carry the allele but don't have the disease.

The most likely substance that increases serum calcium. Think of the hormone that regulates calcium in the blood.

The condition under which substance D is likely to be released. Think of the hormone that regulates blood pressure.

The significance of the change in serum glucose when substance A is injected. Think of the hormone that lowers blood glucose.

The most likely classification of cell type A based on its characteristics. Think of the cells that have cell walls but no chloroplasts.

The equation cell type C is able to run. Think of the processes that occur in photosynthetic organisms.

The reason for the difference in growth curves after oxygen is removed. Think of the different metabolic capabilities of organisms.

The kingdom to which paramecia belong. Think of single-celled eukaryotes.