Microbiology and Disease Control

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Questions and Answers

What was the first widespread antibiotic developed?

Tetracycline

Sulfa Drugs (correct)

Penicillin

Streptomycin

How do sulfa drugs inhibit bacteria?

By targeting their enzymes

By inhibiting their protein synthesis

By preventing DNA creation (correct)

By disrupting their cell walls

What was the accidental discovery made by Alexander Fleming in 1928?

Penicillin's antibacterial effects (correct)

Tetracycline's antibacterial effects

Erythromycin's antibacterial effects

Streptomycin's antibacterial effects

How does penicillin work against bacteria?

Inhibiting cell wall formation Signup and view all the answers

What is a notable concern associated with antibiotic use?

They are ineffective against viral infections Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of antibiotics destroying good bacteria?

Weakened immune system Signup and view all the answers

What is MRSA known for?

Being resistant to virtually any antibiotic available Signup and view all the answers

What can resistant bacteria do?

Transfer their antibiotic-resistant genes to other bacteria Signup and view all the answers

Who reduced the mortality rate of deliveries by advocating for handwashing before doctoring?

Ignaz Semmelweis Signup and view all the answers

Who disproved spontaneous generation and demonstrated the link between microbes and disease?

Louis Pasteur Signup and view all the answers

Who proved that anthrax was caused by bacteria through experiments involving mice and blood samples?

Robert Koch Signup and view all the answers

What did Louis Pasteur's identification of microorganisms causing disease save the silk industry from?

A bacterial disease Signup and view all the answers

Who contributed to the development of the first antibiotic, 'Salvarsan,' with Robert Koch?

Paul Ehrlich Signup and view all the answers

What did many people believe diseases were before the discovery of antibiotics?

Acts of God Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of commensal bacteria in the body?

Aiding in digestion and providing a protective barrier against harmful bacteria Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates harmful bacteria from commensal bacteria?

Harmful bacteria can invade cells and cause disease, while commensal bacteria cannot infect or make the body sick Signup and view all the answers

What did Ignaz Semmelweis observe in relation to puerperal fever?

Fewer mothers contracted puerperal fever when he washed his hands before delivery Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of pathogenic bacteria?

Invading cells and causing diseases Signup and view all the answers

Where are commensal bacteria primarily located in the body?

Gut and skin Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of commensal bacteria in relation to the immune system?

They help keep harmful bacteria out of cells by providing a protective barrier Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Advancements in Microbiology and Disease Control

Childbed fever was common in the mid-19th century, resulting in death in about 25% of deliveries at the hospital where Semmelweis worked.
Semmelweis reduced the mortality rate to less than 1% by advocating for handwashing before doctoring, facing resistance from some doctors.
Louis Pasteur disproved spontaneous generation and demonstrated the link between microbes and disease, using fermentation techniques and broth experiments.
Pasteur's identification of microorganisms causing disease led to saving the silk industry from a mystery disease in silkworms.
Robert Koch proved that anthrax was caused by bacteria through experiments involving mice and blood samples.
Koch developed a sugar-based gelatin to grow bacteria and contributed to the development of the first antibiotic, "Salvarsan," with Paul Ehrlich.
Before antibiotics, many people believed diseases were acts of God, such as syphilis being associated with immorality and tuberculosis devastating generations.
Syphilis, caused by Treponema pallidum, progresses through stages and can lead to dementia and heart failure.
Tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is one of the oldest bacterial diseases, spreading through the air and causing necrosis in the lungs.
Necrosis caused by diseases like tuberculosis and pneumonia often led to fever, which could be fatal due to the body's inability to function at high temperatures.
People often died of fever rather than necrosis caused by bacteria due to the body's inability to function at high temperatures.
Advancements in microbiology and disease control, including the discovery of the link between microbes and disease, the development of antibiotics, and understanding the progression of diseases like syphilis and tuberculosis, have significantly impacted public health.

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Description

Test your knowledge of the advancements in microbiology and disease control with this quiz. Learn about key figures such as Semmelweis, Pasteur, and Koch, and their contributions to understanding the link between microbes and disease, developing antibiotics, and unraveling the progression of diseases like syphilis and tuberculosis.