Microbiology and Antibiotic Resistance
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of polysomes?

  • mRNA synthesis
  • Protein degradation
  • tRNA synthesis
  • Protein synthesis (correct)

    • Which antibiotic inhibits bacterial ribosomes without inhibiting human ribosomes?

  • Penicillin
  • Ampicillin
  • Streptomycin
  • Tetracycline (correct)

    • What is the characteristic of the prokaryotic chromosome?

  • Circular, surrounded by a nuclear membrane
  • Circular, not surrounded by a nuclear membrane (correct)
  • Linear, surrounded by a nuclear membrane
  • Linear, not surrounded by a nuclear membrane

    • What are plasmids?

    <p>Small circular DNA molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of endospores?

    <p>Survival under harsh conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the viruses that infect bacteria?

    <p>Bacteriophages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main consequence of frequent use of antibiotics?

    <p>Development of resistance by microorganisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the movement of bacteria towards or away from a chemical stimulus?

    <p>Chemotaxis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure responsible for the motility of most bacteria?

    <p>Flagella</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic movement of flagella in bacteria?

    <p>Rotation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for bacteria that have a single flagellum at one end?

    <p>Monotrichous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical size range of flagella in bacteria?

    <p>3-12 μm long, 0.02 μm diameter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of endospores?

    <p>To provide resistance to harsh environmental conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of prokaryotic reproduction?

    <p>Long generation times</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of prokaryotic reproduction?

    <p>Binary fission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of endospores?

    <p>Survival in harsh conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of rapid evolution in prokaryotes?

    <p>Development of antibiotic resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure that forms during binary fission in prokaryotes?

    <p>Cell plate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following types of bacteria is characterized by their ability to thrive in highly saline environments?

    <p>Extreme halophiles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between obligate anaerobes and facultative anaerobes?

    <p>Obligate anaerobes are poisoned by oxygen, while facultative anaerobes are not</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process by which prokaryotes convert atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia?

    <p>Nitrogen fixation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method used to study the evolutionary relationships among prokaryotes?

    <p>Molecular systematics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Archaea?

    <p>Being able to metabolize oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the study of prokaryotes?

    <p>To rapidly sequence prokaryotic genomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method of transmission of Leptospira?

    <p>Contaminated water and soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following bacteria is NOT a Gram-positive bacterium?

    <p>Chlamydia trachomatis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of scarring of the fallopian tubes due to Chlamydia trachomatis infection?

    <p>Infertility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following bacteria is responsible for causing diphtheria?

    <p>Corynebacterium diphtheriae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of cyanobacteria?

    <p>They generate oxygen by photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following diseases is NOT a result of a sexually transmitted disease?

    <p>Lyme disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

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